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A New Species of Nectar-feeding Bat of the Genus Hsunycteris (Phyllostomidae, Lonchophyllinae) from Northeastern Peru
A new species of the nectarivorous bat genus Hsunycteris is described from lowland Amazonian forest in northeastern Peru. The new species, H. dashe, can be distinguished from other congeners by its larger size; V-shaped array of dermal chin papillae separated by a wide basal cleft; metacarpal V longer than metacarpal IV; broad rostrum; lateral margin of infraorbital foramen not projecting beyond rostral outline in dorsal view; well-developed sphenoidal crest; large outer upper incisors; weakly developed lingual cusp on P5; and well-developed, labially oriented M1 parastyle. A phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome-b sequence data indicates that H. dashe is sister to a clade that includes all other species of the genus including H. cadenai, H. pattoni, and a paraphyletic H. thomasi. We provide a key based on craniodental and external characters of all four known species of Hsunycteris.
Roosting Ecology of Amazonian Bats
The ecological mechanisms that sustain high species richness in Neotropical bat communities have attracted research attention for several decades. Although many ecologists have studied the feeding behavior and diets of Neotropical bats on the assumption that food is a limiting resource, other resource axes that might be important for species coexistence are often ignored. Diurnal refugia, in particular, are a crucial resource for bats, many of which exhibit conspicuous morphological or behavioral adaptations to the roost environment. Here we report and analyze information about roost occupancy based on >500 field observations of Amazonian bats. Statistical analyses of these data suggest the ...
Parasites
An exciting look at the essential roles that parasites play in Earth’s ecosystems This book looks at the weird and wonderful world of parasites, the most abundant form of life on Earth. Parasites come in all forms and sizes and inhabit every free-living organism. Parasitism is now, and always has been, a way to survive under changing environmental conditions. From arctic oceans to tropical forests, Scott Gardner, Judy Diamond, and Gabor Racz investigate how parasites survive and evolve, and how they influence and provide stability to ecosystems. Taking readers to the open ranges of Mongolia, the Sandhills of north-central Nebraska, the Andes of Bolivia, and more, the authors examine the im...
Systematics of the Genus Palaeictops Matthew, 1899 (Mammalia, Leptictidae), with the Description of Two New Species from the Middle Eocene of Utah and Wyoming
Palaeictops is a genus of early Cenozoic Leptictidae, currently comprising six species known from Eocene faunas in the United States and Canada. Two new species, Palaeictops altimontis and P. robustus, are represented by nearly complete skulls and mandibles from the Tepee Trail (Middle Eocene) and Uinta (Middle Eocene) formations of Wyoming and Utah, respectively. They are similar to other species of Palaeictops in having a single sagittal crest, small suprameatal foramen, and an expanded cochlear fossula. Phylogenetic analysis recovered a monophyletic Palaeictops and a sister relationship of P. bicuspis and P. multicuspis with P. matthewi sister to this clade. The subfamily Leptictinae is h...
The Non-volant Mammals of the Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo-Mishana, Loreto, Peru
South American mammals have received increasing attention in recent years, in part due to their high species diversity, functional complexity at the level of communities, and endangerment as a result of anthropogenic activities. Human impacts include deforestation and habitat alteration, the two major threats to biodiversity in the neotropics. Indeed, many habitats are being lost before basic inventories of plant and animal communities can be compiled. in addition, basic natural history information is lacking for many, if not most, Neotropical species, especially in the Amazon Basin. Such basic information is essential for natural resource management and conservation to be successful. To obt...
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