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In 1143 Robert of Ketton produced the first Latin translation of the Qur’an. This translation, extant in 24 manuscripts, was one of the main ways in which Latin European readers had access to the Muslim holy book. Yet it was not the only means of transmission of Quranic stories and concepts to the Latin world: there were other medieval translations into Latin of the Qur’an and of Christian polemical texts composed in Arabic which transmitted elements of the Qur’an (often in a polemical mode). The essays in this volume examine the range of medieval Latin transmission of the Qur’an and reaction to the Qur’an by concentrating on the manuscript traditions of medieval Qur’an translati...
Volume 45
This study explores the composition and performance of liturgical music in El Escorial, from its founding by Philip II in 1563 to the death of Charles II in 1700. Philip II promoted within his monastery-palace a musical foundation whose dual function as royal chapel and as monastery in the service of a Counter-Reformation monarch was unique. The study traces the ways in which music styles and practices responded to the changing functions of the institution. Perceived notions about Spanish royal musical patronage are challenged, musical manuscripts are scrutinized, biographical details of hundreds of musicians are uncovered, and musical practices are examined. Additionally, two important choral pieces are printed here for the first time.