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Eyetracking and Applied Linguistics
Eyetracking has become a powerful tool in scientific research and has finally found its way into disciplines such as applied linguistics and translation studies, paving the way for new insights and challenges in these fields. The aim of the first International Conference on Eyetracking and Applied Linguistics (ICEAL) was to bring together researchers who use eyetracking to empirically answer their research questions. It was intended to bridge the gaps between applied linguistics, translation studies, cognitive science and computational linguistics on the one hand and to further encourage innovative research methodologies and data triangulation on the other hand. These challenges are also addressed in this proceedings volume: While the studies described in the volume deal with a wide range of topics, they all agree on eyetracking as an appropriate methodology in empirical research.
A short guide to post-editing
Artificial intelligence is changing and will continue to change the world we live in. These changes are also influencing the translation market. Machine translation (MT) systems automatically transfer one language to another within seconds. However, MT systems are very often still not capable of producing perfect translations. To achieve high quality translations, the MT output first has to be corrected by a professional translator. This procedure is called post-editing (PE). PE has become an established task on the professional translation market. The aim of this text book is to provide basic knowledge about the most relevant topics in professional PE. The text book comprises ten chapters on both theoretical and practical aspects including topics like MT approaches and development, guidelines, integration into CAT tools, risks in PE, data security, practical decisions in the PE process, competences for PE, and new job profiles.
Quality aspects in institutional translation
The purpose of this volume is to explore key issues, approaches and challenges to quality in institutional translation by confronting academics’ and practitioners’ perspectives. What the reader will find in this book is an interplay of two approaches: academic contributions providing the conceptual and theoretical background for discussing quality on the one hand, and chapters exploring selected aspects of quality and case studies from both academics and practitioners on the other. Our aim is to present these two approaches as a breeding ground for testing one vis-à-vis the other. This book studies institutional translation mostly through the lens of the European Union (EU) reality, and, more specifically, of EU institutions and bodies, due to the unprecedented scale of their multilingual operations and the legal and political importance of translation. Thus, it is concerned with the supranational (international) level, deliberately leaving national and other contexts aside. Quality in supranational institutions is explored both in terms of translation processes and their products – the translated texts.
A Reflective CLIL Teacher: A Way to Enrich the CLIL Teaching Professional Practice in the Polish Context
This book intends to look into CLIL teaching professional practice through the prism of reflection. It offers a comprehensive coverage of a CLIL teacher’s features, their attitudes to the approach, teaching methodology, assessment, materials development, cooperation with other CLIL and non-CLIL teachers, professional development, expectations and beliefs. Furthermore, it focuses on CLIL teachers’ positive and negative emotions experienced in relation to CLIL. As a CLIL trainer I spend a lot of time with CLIL teachers trying to guide them in the process of teaching in CLIL but also to help them face many challenges and overcome obstacles which often discourage them from working in the CLIL environment. Being greatly inspired by the ongoing research in the field but also by my CLIL trainee teachers I felt there was a need to conduct such research and make the reader reflect on his/her own teaching experiences in CLIL.
Subtitling Today
Nowadays subtitling accomplishes several purposes; it is meant for diverse audiences and comes in many forms. This collection of innovative contributions explores these different manifestations, and offers a snapshot of the state of the art of a dynamic and ever-evolving field of study. This volume intentionally assembles essays that analyse subtitling in various audiovisual genres, including television series, variety programmes, operas, operettas, feature films and live conferences, and that consider various languages, such as Chinese, English, Finnish, French, Italian, Japanese and Polish. It underscores both traditional and novel viewpoints and approaches to the subject, thus broadening the horizons of such a fascinating field. The diversity of topics tackled will encourage further reflection on a well-established research area, and, as such, the volume will appeal to both novice and expert researchers and professionals.
Language Policies in Higher Education
Higher education institutions (HEIs) are increasingly affected by globalization and internationalization, with implications for language use, teaching and learning in their academic communities. As a consequence, HEIs may change their approach to multilingualism on campus, taking into account language needs as well as opportunities and challenges associated with language diversity. The book aims at discussing aspects for the design of language policies, which could support internationalization and promote multilingualism and participation of different stakeholders. By presenting a language policy model, the book provides an alternative for those engaged in language diversity in HEIs.
Translation, interpreting, cognition
Cognitive aspects of the translation process have become central in Translation and Interpreting Studies in recent years, further establishing the field of Cognitive Translatology. Empirical and interdisciplinary studies investigating translation and interpreting processes promise a hitherto unprecedented predictive and explanatory power. This collection contains such studies which observe behaviour during translation and interpreting. The contributions cover a vast area and investigate behaviour during translation and interpreting – with a focus on training of future professionals, on language processing more generally, on the role of technology in the practice of translation and interpreting, on translation of multimodal media texts, on aspects of ergonomics and usability, on emotions, self-concept and psychological factors, and finally also on revision and post-editing. For the present publication, we selected a number of contributions presented at the Second International Congress on Translation, Interpreting and Cognition hosted by the Tra&Co Lab at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz.
Corpora and Translation Education
This edited book covers a range of topics related to the use of corpora in translation education, including their standing in corpus-based translation studies, their relationship with machine learning and post-editing, recent advances in learner corpora development and the integration of corpora into translation pedagogy. The book draws the reader into the latest debate on the potential benefits and challenges of using corpora in translation education, as well as serving as practical guidance on how to incorporate corpora into their teaching practice. The book is of particular interest to translation educators, researchers, and postgraduate students who are interested in exploring theoretical underpinnings as well as new ways of teaching and learning translation.
The Unicode cookbook for linguists
This text is a practical guide for linguists, and programmers, who work with data in multilingual computational environments. We introduce the basic concepts needed to understand how writing systems and character encodings function, and how they work together at the intersection between the Unicode Standard and the International Phonetic Alphabet. Although these standards are often met with frustration by users, they nevertheless provide language researchers and programmers with a consistent computational architecture needed to process, publish and analyze lexical data from the world's languages. Thus we bring to light common, but not always transparent, pitfalls which researchers face when ...
Computer-assisted simultaneous interpreting: A cognitive-experimental study on terminology
The present work explores computer-assisted simultaneous interpreting (CASI) from a primarily cognitive perspective. Despite concerns over the potentially negative impact of computer-assisted interpreting (CAI) tools on interpreters’ cognitive load (CL), this hypothesis remains untested. Previous research is restricted to the evaluation of the CASI product and a methodology for the process-oriented evaluation of CASI and the empirical evidence for its cognitive modelling are missing. Overcoming these limitations appears essential to advance CAI research, particularly to foster a deeper understanding of the cognitive aspects of CAI through a validated research methodology and to determine t...
