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Following the Treaty of Versailles, European nation-states were faced with the challenge of instilling national loyalty in their new borderlands, in which fellow citizens often differed dramatically from one another along religious, linguistic, cultural, or ethnic lines. Peripheries at the Centre compares the experiences of schooling in Upper Silesia in Poland and Eupen, Sankt Vith, and Malmedy in Belgium — border regions detached from the German Empire after the First World War. It demonstrates how newly configured countries envisioned borderland schools and language learning as tools for realizing the imagined peaceful Europe that underscored the political geography of the interwar period.
See the Earth revealed in amazing detail through more than 640 spectacular maps, along with fascinating fact files about countries all over the world. The world is a big place, but this best-selling reference atlas keeps things suitably small for children and adults alike. More than 640 stunning maps come together in DK's Concise World Atlas, from the frozen ice of Antarctica to the hot tropics of Africa. Terrain models show features of the land, while informative text, photographs, and diagrams combine to create a superb overview of the world's physical, political, economic, and demographic geography. Careful presentation and easy language ensure the information stays clear and concise for younger readers throughout the book. 196 nations are detailed in fascinating fact files, alongside information about the country's land use, industries, and population distribution. An index bursting with 80,000 entries makes the Concise World Atlas an essential desktop reference for homes, schools, and businesses.
Maps detailing the world's geography include information about the landscape, industry, agriculture, and population, accompanied by information on global climate, the political and economic spheres of the world, and international disputes.
The Golden Bull of 1356 (German: Goldene Bulle, Latin: Bulla Aurea) was a decree issued by the Imperial Diet at Nuremberg and Metz (Diet of Metz (1356/57)) headed by the Emperor Charles IV which fixed, for a period of more than four hundred years, important aspects of the constitutional structure of the Holy Roman Empire. It was named the Golden Bull for the golden seal it carried.
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Between 1939 and 1947 the county of Janów Lubelski, an agricultural area in central Poland, experienced successive occupations by Nazi Germany (1939-1944) and the Soviet Union (1944-1947). During each period the population, including the Polish majority and the Jewish, Ukrainian, and German minorities, reacted with a combination of accommodation, collaboration, and resistance. In this remarkably detailed and revealing study, Marek Jan Chodakiewicz analyzes and describes the responses of the inhabitants of occupied Janów to the policies of the ruling powers. He provides a highly useful typology of response to occupation, defining collaboration as an active relationship with the occupiers for reasons of self-interest and to the detriment of one's neighbors; resistance as passive and active opposition; and accommodation as compliance falling between the two extremes. He focuses on the ways in which these reactions influenced relations between individuals, between social classes, and between ethnic groups. Casting new light on social dynamics within occupied Poland during and after World War II, Between Nazis and Soviets yields valuable insight for scholars of conflict studies.