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This volume is an accessible introduction to RNA viruses and the infectious outcomes that they cause in the central nervous system (CNS). Chapters cover the major RNA viruses, their impact on the CNS, and the similarities and differences in pathological outcomes that can be observed. Neuroscientists, be they students, researchers, or clinicians, will benefit from the timely coverage provided. Our understanding of viruses, and specifically RNA viruses and their pathological impact, is rapidly evolving. For example, the close molecular interaction of viruses with the CNS cell types in the human host is poorly understood. Readers can use the book to understand clearly the cellular and molecular...
The macrophage (or “big eater”) is often considered the first cell type to encounter the causative agent of Tuberculosis (TB), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, upon entry to the lung. Once inside the macrophage the tubercle bacillus can survive and even replicate where many other invading pathogens perish. Recent research suggests the bacilli adapts within this hostile environment, treating the macrophage like a Trojan horse. Indeed, cutting-edge techniques have revealed that the degree of bacterial heterogeneity and resistance to antibiotics changes within the macrophage. M. tuberculosis spends most of its life cycle within the macrophage and has adopted specific mechanisms to survive, egres...
The prevalence of naturally occurring toxins in plant and animal foods represents one of the most significant food safety issues, drawing the attention of both scientists and regulators alike. This unexplored area related to food quality is indeed a big concern for consumers, various regulatory authorities, and food industries. Apart from essential nutrients, several food crops are capable of producing a vast array of nonnutritious secondary metabolic products. These toxins produced as secondary metabolites have the potential to exhibit both beneficial and deleterious effects in both human beings and animals. Nevertheless, there has been huge progress in agricultural practices and food proce...
This book provides information essential for anyone interested in climate and environmental change of the Himalayan region, including land and resource managers, environmental planners, conservationists, environmentalists, geographers, climatologists, ecologists, and students. The book is unique in its coverage of the current understanding of the science of climate change in the Himalayan mountain system and of the major impacts on physical systems and ecosystems. The book gives an overview of the physical science basis of climate change and explains drivers and processes of glacier and vegetation dynamics. The book covers relevant aspects of accelerated climate change observed in the Himala...
Resumen: Offers an integrated view of principal aspects of immune response to all types of infectious agents. Deals with the immune system primarily as a host defense system. Various infectious agents and diseases are integrated under general topics rather than treated in separate chapters.