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From its inception, artificial intelligence (AI) has had a rather ambivalent relationship with humans—swinging between their augmentation and replacement. Now, as AI technologies enter our everyday lives at an ever-increasing pace, there is a greater need for AI systems to work synergistically with humans. One critical requirement for such synergistic human‒AI interaction is that the AI systems' behavior be explainable to the humans in the loop. To do this effectively, AI agents need to go beyond planning with their own models of the world, and take into account the mental model of the human in the loop. At a minimum, AI agents need approximations of the human's task and goal models, as ...
The Making of A Modern Art World explores the artistic institutions and discursive practices prevailing in Republican Shanghai, aiming to reconstruct the operational logic and the stratified hierarchy of Shanghai’s art world. Using guohua as the point of entry, this book interrogates the discourse both of guohua itself, and the wider discourse of Chinese modernism in the visual arts. In the light of the sociological definition of ‘art world’, this book contextualizes guohua through focusing on the modes of production and consumption of painting in Shanghai, examining newly adopted modern artistic practices, namely, art associations, periodicals, art colleges, exhibitions, and the art market.
Experts from disciplines that range from computer science to philosophy consider the challenges of building AI systems that humans can trust. Artificial intelligence-based algorithms now marshal an astonishing range of our daily activities, from driving a car ("turn left in 400 yards") to making a purchase ("products recommended for you"). How can we design AI technologies that humans can trust, especially in such areas of application as law enforcement and the recruitment and hiring process? In this volume, experts from a range of disciplines discuss the ethical and social implications of the proliferation of AI systems, considering bias, transparency, and other issues. The contributors, of...
Logic Programming is a style of programming in which programs take the form of sets of sentences in the language of Symbolic Logic. Over the years, there has been growing interest in Logic Programming due to applications in deductive databases, automated worksheets, Enterprise Management (business rules), Computational Law, and General Game Playing. This book introduces Logic Programming theory, current technology, and popular applications. In this volume, we take an innovative, model-theoretic approach to logic programming. We begin with the fundamental notion of datasets, i.e., sets of ground atoms. Given this fundamental notion, we introduce views, i.e., virtual relations; and we define c...
This book provides a collection of recent research works on learning from decentralized data, transferring information from one domain to another, and addressing theoretical issues on improving the privacy and incentive factors of federated learning as well as its connection with transfer learning and reinforcement learning. Over the last few years, the machine learning community has become fascinated by federated and transfer learning. Transfer and federated learning have achieved great success and popularity in many different fields of application. The intended audience of this book is students and academics aiming to apply federated and transfer learning to solve different kinds of real-world problems, as well as scientists, researchers, and practitioners in AI industries, autonomous vehicles, and cyber-physical systems who wish to pursue new scientific innovations and update their knowledge on federated and transfer learning and their applications.
The three-volume set constitutes the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications, WASA 2022, which was held during October 28-30, 2022. The conference took place in Dalian, China.The 95 full and 62 short papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 265 submissions. The contributions in theoretical frameworks and analysis of fundamental cross-layer protocol and network design and performance issues; distributed and localized algorithm design and analysis; information and coding theory for wireless networks; localization; mobility models and mobile social networking; underwater and underground networks; vehicular networks; algorithms, systems, and applications of edge computing
Graphs are useful data structures in complex real-life applications such as modeling physical systems, learning molecular fingerprints, controlling traffic networks, and recommending friends in social networks. However, these tasks require dealing with non-Euclidean graph data that contains rich relational information between elements and cannot be well handled by traditional deep learning models (e.g., convolutional neural networks (CNNs) or recurrent neural networks (RNNs)). Nodes in graphs usually contain useful feature information that cannot be well addressed in most unsupervised representation learning methods (e.g., network embedding methods). Graph neural networks (GNNs) are proposed...
Machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) are powerful tools that create predictive models, extract information, and help make complex decisions. They do this by examining an enormous quantity of labeled training data to find patterns too complex for human observation. However, in many real-world applications, well-labeled data can be difficult, expensive, or even impossible to obtain. In some cases, such as when identifying rare objects like new archeological sites or secret enemy military facilities in satellite images, acquiring labels could require months of trained human observers at incredible expense. Other times, as when attempting to predict disease infection during a pandem...
Reinforcement learning is a powerful tool in artificial intelligence in which virtual or physical agents learn to optimize their decision making to achieve long-term goals. In some cases, this machine learning approach can save programmers time, outperform existing controllers, reach super-human performance, and continually adapt to changing conditions. It has shown human level performance on a number of tasks (REF) and the methodology for automation in robotics and self-driving cars (REF). This book argues that these successes show reinforcement learning can be adopted successfully in many different situations, including robot control, stock trading, supply chain optimization, and plant con...
A guide to the challenges in making virtual reality, reality The Metaverse, a version of the internet in which online interactions take place in real time within fully realized virtual spaces, has been promised as the next frontier in wireless communication. It has drawn huge investment from Silicon Valley and widespread media attention. However, the technologies required to make the Metaverse a reality are still in their infancy, and significant barriers must be overcome if this massive step is to be taken. Realizing the Metaverse provides a systematic overview of these challenges and their likely solutions. Focusing on five key areas—infrastructure, access, intelligence, security, and fu...