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This companion provides an extensive account of the Roman army, exploring its role in Roman politics and society as well as the reasons for its effectiveness as a fighting force. An extensive account of the Roman army, from its beginnings to its transformation in the later Roman Empire Examines the army as a military machine – its recruitment, training, organization, tactics and weaponry Explores the relationship of the army to Roman politics, economics and society more broadly Considers the geography and climate of the lands in which the Romans fought Each chapter is written by a leading expert in a particular subfield and takes account of the latest scholarly and archaeological research in that area
A sweeping political history of the turbulent two centuries that led to the demise of the Roman Empire. The Tragedy of Empire begins in the late fourth century with the reign of Julian, the last non-Christian Roman emperor, and takes readers to the final years of the Western Roman Empire at the end of the sixth century. One hundred years before Julian’s rule, Emperor Diocletian had resolved that an empire stretching from the Atlantic to the Euphrates, and from the Rhine and Tyne to the Sahara, could not effectively be governed by one man. He had devised a system of governance, called the tetrarchy by modern scholars, to respond to the vastness of the empire, its new rivals, and the changin...
The Egyptological literature usually belittles or ignores the political and intellectual initiative and success of the Nubian Twenty-Fifth Dynasty in the reunification of Egypt, while students of Nubian history frequently ignore or misunderstand the impact of Egyptian ideas on the cultural developments in pre- and post-Twenty-Fifth-Dynasty Nubia. This book re-assesses the textual and archaeological evidence concerning the interaction between Egypt and the polities emerging in Upper Nubia between the Late Neolithic period and 500 AD. The investigation is carried out, however, from the special viewpoint of the political, social, economic, religious and cultural history of the frontier region between Egypt and Nubia and not from the traditional viewpoint of the direct interaction between Egypt and the successive Nubian kingdoms of Kerma, Napata and Meroe. The result is a new picture of the bipolar acculturation processes occurring in the frontier region of Lower Nubia in particular and in the Upper Nubian centres, in general. The much-debated issue of social and cultural "Egyptianization" is also re-assessed.
Die spätantike Senatsaristokratie steht seit Längerem im Fokus der Forschung. Es sind eben nicht allein die Kaiser und Heermeister, die die Geschichte der Spätantike prägten. Die hier vorliegende Studie stellt die Frage nach der politischen und gesellschaftlichen Bedeutung der stadtrömischen Senatsaristokratie und des Senats, und zwar für den so wichtigen Zeitraum von 395 bis 455 n. Chr. Die politische Ereignisgeschichte und die Interaktion, Kommunikation und Kooperation mit den politischen Hauptakteuren wird dabei ebenso untersucht wie die zentralen Aspekte der senatorischen Lebensführung, Repräsentation und Distinktion, einschließlich der Christianisierung. Entstanden ist eine Stu...
The East Romans of Byzantium and the Sasanian Persians competed as geopolitical rivals for over four centuries between 224 to 628 AD. Through a series of intractable conflicts these two great empires would develop a dual hierarchy that sought to divide the known world between them. Despite competing claims to universal rule, mutual spheres of interest arose as both empires sought to create rules, norms, and standard practices of diplomatic behaviour to regulate their inter-imperial rivalry. Defined by contemporaries as the 'Two Eyes' of the Earth, this suzerain order aimed to hierarchically organize those considered as 'barbarians'. This period of late antiquity is rarely considered within the discipline of International Relations (IR) but, through an English School approach, Blachford examines the diverse suzerain order of late antiquity as 'barbarous' nomadic tribes challenged the hierarchical ambitions of two rival empires who both claimed a unique role in the maintenance of world order.
Battlefield Emotions in Late Antiquity is the first work to offer a comprehensive analysis of morale and fear. Różycki examines Roman military treatises to illustrate the methods of manipulating the human psyche.
Das Nibelungenlied hat den Hunnen einen festen Platz in unserem kulturellen Gedächtnis gesichert. Doch auch jenseits aller Legenden erweisen sich die Hunnen im 4. und 5. Jahrhundert als geschichtsmächtige Kraft der Volkerauswanderungszeit: Unter ihrem König Attila entwickelten sich ihre Reiterscharen selbst für das Imperium Romanum zu einem gefährlichen Gegner. Erst als die Hunnen im Jahre 451 in einer wahren Völkerschlacht von einem Koalitionsheer aus Römern, Westgoten, Burgunden, Franken und vielen weiteren Stämmen bezwungen werden konnten, ließ die von ihnen ausgehenden Bedrohung nach.
This book considers the great cultural and geopolitical changes in western Eurasia in the fifth century CE. It focuses on the Roman Empire, but it also examines the changes taking place in northern Europe, in Iran under the Sasanian Empire, and on the great Eurasian steppe. Attila is presented as a contributor to and a symbol of these transformations.
A new interpretation of the administrative restructuring of lands held by temples in Roman Egypt