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Desde distintos enfoques, en diez capítulos, este libro presenta investigaciones de actualidad sobre el sistema de seguridad social colombiano y expone situaciones de impacto socioeconómico con alcance global, tal como es el caso de la población migrante. Los autores brindan miradas críticas y posiciones filosóficas y pragmáticas frente a la Ley 100 y los problemas relacionados con la seguridad social en sus 30 años de vigencia. Cada uno de los autores examina algunos de los temas más relevantes desde el derecho comparado, la jurisprudencia, el ordenamiento jurídico en general y con estadísticas, para brindar propuestas que aspiran a engrosar la doctrina nacional sobre este tema.
Esta publicación se ocupa de estudiar la pensión de invalidez a partir del Sistema General de Pensiones en Colombia, en la que se explica la legislación vigente respecto a los trabajadores particulares, servidores públicos, integrantes de la Fuerza Pública y los servidores exceptuados. De igual forma, el libro cuenta con un importante desarrollo jurisprudencial, que respecto al tema de la invalidez han proferido la Corte Constitucional y la Corte Suprema de Justicia haciendo énfasis en la aplicación del principio de condición más beneficiosa, así como las condiciones para el reconocimiento de pensiones de invalidez por enfermedades degenerativas, progresivas y congénitas.
It is usual that existing material on computer aided geometric design oscillates between over-simplification for programmers and practitioners and over formalism for scientific or academic readers. The first type of publications suppresses the taxonomy and properties of the mathematical concepts discussed when seeking straightforward notation and procedures. The second type of materials in thorough in the mathematical concepts at the expense of increasingly complicated notation and sacrifice of clear procedures for the reader.This book intends to be a compromise between the aforementioned extremes. It recalls basic concepts on functions, relations, transformations, matrices and groups and ma...
Estamos frente a una obra colectiva muy interesante para generaciones actuales y futuras. Tal vez es una osada síntesis de nuestra ya longeva relación con instituciones francesas, tanto de formación e investigación en ingeniería, como de cooperación diplomática y académica. Es resultado de la clara voluntad de avanzar por parte de una joven Universidad llena de ilusiones y de jóvenes profesores y líderes dispuestos a tomar riesgos: la Universidad de los Andes y su Facultad de Ingeniería de los años sesenta y setenta. La República de Francia, con una visión de mediano y largo plazo, identificó un espacio para que, con base en la construcción de mayores capacidades científicas...
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 9th Workshop on Engineering Applications on Applied Computer Sciences in Engineering, WEA 2022, which took place in Bogotá, Colombia, in November/December 2022. The 39 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 143 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Artificial Intelligence; Optimization; Simulation; and Applications.
Colombia is the least understood of Latin American countries. Its human tragedy, which features terrifying levels of kidnapping, homicide and extortion, is generally ignored or exploited. In this urgent new work Forrest Hylton, who has extensive first-hand experience of living and working in Colombia, explores its history of 150 years of political conflict, characterized by radical-popular mobilization and reactionary repression. Evil Hour in Colombia shows how patterns of political conflict, from the mid-nineteenth century to today's guerilla narco-traffickers and paramilitaries, explain the wear currently destroying Colombian lives, property, communities and territory. In doing so, it traces how Colombia's "coffee capitalism" gave way to the cattle and cocaine republic of the 1980s, and how land, wealth and power have been steadily accumulated by the light-skinned top of the social pyramid through a brutal combination of terror, expropriation and economic depression.
Breast Imaging presents a comprehensive review of the subject matter commonly encountered by practicing radiologists and radiology residents in training. This volume includes succinct overviews of breast cancer epidemiology, screening, staging, and treatment; overviews of all imaging modalities including mammography, tomosynthesis, ultrasound, and MRI; step-by-step approaches for image-guided breast interventions; and high-yield chapters organized by specific imaging finding seen on mammography, tomosynthesis, ultrasound, and MRI. Part of the Rotations in Radiology series, this book offers a guided approach to breast imaging interpretation and techniques, highlighting the nuances necessary to arrive at the best diagnosis and management. Each chapter contains a targeted discussion of an imaging finding which reviews the anatomy and physiology, distinguishing features, imaging techniques, differential diagnosis, clinical issues, key points, and further reading. Breast Imaging is a must-read for residents and practicing radiologists seeking a foundation for the essential knowledge base in breast imaging.
"All over the world, in all democratic States, independently of having a legal system based on the common law or on the civil law principles, the courts – special constitutional courts, supreme courts or ordinary courts – have the power to decide and declare the unconstitutionality of legislation or of other State acts when a particular statute violates the text of the Constitution or of its constitutional principles. This power of the courts is the consequence of the consolidation in contem-porary constitutionalism of three fundamental principles of law: first, the existence of a written or unwritten constitution or of a fundamental law, conceived as a superior law with clear supremacy ...
Published for more than 24 years, there is no substitute for the Worldwide Government Directory, which allows users to identify and reach 32,000 elected and appointed officials in 201 countries, plus the European Union. Extensive coverage that includes over 1,800 pages of executive, legislative and political branches; heads of state, ministers, deputies, secretaries and spokespersons as well as state agencies, diplomats and senior level defense officials. It also covers the leadership of more than 100 international organizations. World Government contact information that includes phone numbers and email. Listings include: Name, addresses, telephone and fax numbers, email and web addresses Titles Hierarchical arrangements defining state structures
The internationally recognized methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications for ...