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The 1979 revolution fundamentally altered Iran’s political landscape as a generation of inexperienced clerics who did not hail from the ranks of the upper class—and were not tainted by association with the old regime—came to power. The actions and intentions of these truculent new leaders and their lay allies caused major international concern. Meanwhile, Iran’s domestic and foreign policy and its nuclear program have loomed large in daily news coverage. Despite global consternation, however, our knowledge about Iran’s political elite remains skeletal. Nearly four decades after the clergy became the state elite par excellence, there has been no empirical study of the recruitment, c...
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Saffron: Science, Technology and Health summarizes the scientific, technical and health aspects of this crop. Saffron possesses unique agronomical, ecological, social and physiological characteristics. And, there are various chemical components present in saffron, including carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, color pigment, aromatic and flavoring agents. Saffron has a long history of use in traditional medicine, and in recent years, the application of saffron in the medical industry as a cancer curing and antidepressant agent has brought more attention. There is also a growing trend of saffron use in the conventional food industry, including saffron desserts, cream, butter, beverages, powders, cake mixes and soups. Intended for nutrition scientists and scientists and technologists working in the areas of food, agriculture, new product development and pharmacology.
Advanced tools for developing new functional materials and applications in chemical research, pharmaceuticals, and materials science Cycloadditions are among the most useful tools for organic chemists, enabling them to build carbocyclic and heterocyclic structures. These structures can then be used to develop a broad range of functional materials, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, dyes, and optics. With contributions from an international team of leading experts and pioneers in cycloaddition chemistry, this book brings together and reviews recent advances, trends, and emerging research in the field. Methods and Applications of Cycloaddition Reactions in Organic Syntheses focuses on t...
Diabetes mellitus is a common disorder where the body is no longer able to regulate blood glucose levels correctly owing to defects in insulin secretion or action. While some people require treatment with insulin, many are able to control their diabetes through management of diet, e.g. by decreasing the fat intake and increasing the amount of fibre. This book provides an up-to-date review of the dietary management of diabetes looking at general topics, such as the metabolic principles of nutrition, as well as more specific topics, such as nutritional management of diabetic children, pregnant women and the elderly. A specialist text on the nutritional management of diabetes A practical book, useful in clinical practice Written by well respected clinicians within the field
Recent Advances in Applications of Name Reactions in Multicomponent Reactions is an ideal reference for researchers and postgraduate students studying organic chemistry, as well as synthetic organic chemists working on the development of novel methodologies for the synthesis of various heterocyclic systems, especially drug design and discovery, in both academia and industry. The book reviews recent applications of name reactions in multicomponents for the synthesis of heterocycles and examines recent advances in applications of significant name reactions, such as Ugi and Passirini, Click, Knoevenagel, Michael, Diels-Alder, Aldol, Mannich, Heck, Huisgen, and Suzuki in MCRs. These reactions ca...
Demonstrates the advantages of catalytic cascade reactions for synthesizing natural products and pharmaceuticals Riding the wave of green chemistry, catalytic cascade reactions have become one of the most active research areas in organic synthesis. During a cascade reaction, just one reaction solvent, one workup procedure, and one purification step are needed, thus significantly increasing synthetic efficiency. Featuring contributions from an international team of pioneers in the field, Catalytic Cascade Reactions demonstrates the versatility and application of these reactions for synthesizing valuable compounds. The book examines both organocatalysis and transition-metal catalysis reactions...
A revised edition to the bestselling "The Chemistry of Soils" incorporating new research from the last eight years in the fields of environmental chemistry, ecosystem biogeochemistry, and scientific agriculture.