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Victor McFarland challenges the view that the U.S.-Saudi alliance is the inevitable consequence of American energy demand and Saudi Arabia's huge oil reserves. Oil Powers traces the growth of the alliance through a dense web of political, economic, and social connections that bolstered royal and executive power and the national-security state.
With his rugged features and earthy sex appeal, Victor Mature ushered in a new breed of postwar Hollywood actor, far removed from the debonair matinee idols of the 1930s. Following success as an upbeat leading man in the early 1940s Fox musicals, opposite the likes of Betty Grable and Rita Hayworth, he went on deliver two of his most powerful performances in My Darling Clementine (1946) and Kiss of Death (1947). But it was in the biblical epics such as Samson and Delilah (1949), The Robe (1953) and Demetrius and the Gladiators (1954) that his heartfelt acting and statuesque, larger than life screen presence finally secured his place as a Hollywood icon. Beginning with a concise biography, this work covers Mature’s film career in its entirety, featuring synopses, anecdotes from cast and crew, and review commentary.
In Disruption, Michael De Groot argues that the global economic upheaval of the 1970s was decisive in ending the Cold War. Both the West and the Soviet bloc struggled with the slowdown of economic growth; chaos in the international monetary system; inflation; shocks in the commodities markets; and the emergence of offshore financial markets. The superpowers had previously disseminated resources to their allies to enhance their own national security, but the disappearance of postwar conditions during the 1970s forced Washington and Moscow to choose between promoting their own economic interests and supporting their partners in Europe and Asia. De Groot shows that new unexpected macroeconomic ...
Over the past 250 years, energy transitions have occurred repeatedly—the rise of coal in the nineteenth century, the explosion of oil in the twentieth century, the nuclear utopianism of the 1950s and 1960s. These transitions have been as revolutionary as any political or economic upheaval, and they required changes in infrastructure and behavior. Yet new energies never wholly replace old ones. This volume historicizes energy production and consumption while demonstrating how energy use has reshaped everything from social life and economic organization to political governance. It foregrounds the importance of energy for big historical questions about capitalism, democracy, inequality, the environment, and identity, and it argues that energy systems themselves merit attention as key agents of historical change. Given the urgency of climate change, and the central position that energy plays in causing and potentially solving global warming, this volume engages history as a discipline in the debate over what may be most monumental energy transition of all time: the shift away from fossil fuels.
In Hydrocarbon Citizens, Nimah Mazaheri tells the story of how the discovery of oil dramatically transformed politics and society in the Middle East. Including historical evidence and public opinion surveys, Mazaheri offers a nuanced description of how ordinary people in the region think about their government and evaluate national politics. He concludes that people in oil-rich countries adopt attitudes, beliefs, and values that are very different from those among citizens in oil-poor countries. Mazaheri provides a new way of thinking about current politics in the Middle East and explains why some of the region's long-lasting autocracies have been successful in resisting the rise of democracy.
Miller examines Britain and Japan’s involvement in the Middle East peace process after the October War of 1973 and how it contributed to the resolution of the oil crisis of 1973–74. Using important primary sources from Japan, Britain, and the United States—including recently declassified Japanese documents that had not previously been examined—this book contends that previous literature failed to address the important role of Britain and Japan and their political impact on the development in the historical events of 1973 and 1974. The two countries threw their support behind the United States, backing its policies regarding not only oil but also the Arab‐Israeli conflict. This enab...
For seventy years Israel has existed as a state, and for forty years it has honored a peace treaty with Egypt that is widely viewed as a triumph of U.S. diplomacy in the Middle East. Yet the Palestinians - the would-be beneficiaries of a vision for a comprehensive regional settlement that led to the Camp David Accords in 1978 - remain stateless to this day. How and why Palestinian statelessness persists are the central questions of Seth Anziska's groundbreaking book, which explores the complex legacy of the agreement brokered by President Jimmy Carter. Based on newly declassified international sources, Preventing Palestine charts the emergence of the Middle East peace process, including the ...
"Petrostates play an outsize role in world affairs. The largest producers of oil and natural gas are wealthy states that translate that wealth into influence. They start more wars and support violent proxies abroad. Oil-rich states prop up the global arms trade, but they also use their wealth for diplomatic and aid purposes. Many assume that petrostates can use their contribution to global oil supply as a weapon, but this is more myth than reality. Emma Ashford provides a comprehensive exploration of the foreign policy capabilities of oil-rich states through qualitative and quantitative analysis and short case studies of the foreign policies of petrostates. At the same time, the book argues that there are different types of petrostates that exhibit vastly different behaviors and capabilities. In exploring the universe of petrostates through a unique typology, this book helps us to better understand the diverse ways in which oil shapes the foreign policy of these states, and, in turn, how they shape the world"--
Black Gold and Blackmail seeks to explain why great powers adopt such different strategies to protect their oil access from politically motivated disruptions. In extreme cases, such as Imperial Japan in 1941, great powers fought wars to grab oil territory in anticipation of a potential embargo by the Allies; in other instances, such as Germany in the early Nazi period, states chose relatively subdued measures like oil alliances or domestic policies to conserve oil. What accounts for this variation? Fundamentally, it is puzzling that great powers fear oil coercion at all because the global market makes oil sanctions very difficult to enforce. Rosemary A. Kelanic argues that two variables dete...