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Renormalization and Effective Field Theory
This book tells mathematicians about an amazing subject invented by physicists and it tells physicists how a master mathematician must proceed in order to understand it. Physicists who know quantum field theory can learn the powerful methodology of mathematical structure, while mathematicians can position themselves to use the magical ideas of quantum field theory in “mathematics” itself. The retelling of the tale mathematically by Kevin Costello is a beautiful tour de force. —Dennis Sullivan This book is quite a remarkable contribution. It should make perturbative quantum field theory accessible to mathematicians. There is a lot of insight in the way the author uses the renormalizatio...
Approximate Approximations
In this book, a new approach to approximation procedures is developed. This new approach is characterized by the common feature that the procedures are accurate without being convergent as the mesh size tends to zero. This lack of convergence is compensated for by the flexibility in the choice of approximating functions, the simplicity of multi-dimensional generalizations, and the possibility of obtaining explicit formulas for the values of various integral and pseudodifferential operators applied to approximating functions. The developed techniques allow the authors to design new classes of high-order quadrature formulas for integral and pseudodifferential operators, to introduce the concept of approximate wavelets, and to develop new efficient numerical and semi-numerical methods for solving boundary value problems of mathematical physics. The book is intended for researchers interested in approximation theory and numerical methods for partial differential and integral equations.
Painlevé Transcendents
At the turn of the twentieth century, the French mathematician Paul Painlevé and his students classified second order nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the property that the location of possible branch points and essential singularities of their solutions does not depend on initial conditions. It turned out that there are only six such equations (up to natural equivalence), which later became known as Painlevé I–VI. Although these equations were initially obtained answering a strictly mathematical question, they appeared later in an astonishing (and growing) range of applications, including, e.g., statistical physics, fluid mechanics, random matrices, and orthogonal polynomi...
Integrability, Quantization, and Geometry: I. Integrable Systems
This book is a collection of articles written in memory of Boris Dubrovin (1950–2019). The authors express their admiration for his remarkable personality and for the contributions he made to mathematical physics. For many of the authors, Dubrovin was a friend, colleague, inspiring mentor, and teacher. The contributions to this collection of papers are split into two parts: “Integrable Systems” and “Quantum Theories and Algebraic Geometry”, reflecting the areas of main scientific interests of Dubrovin. Chronologically, these interests may be divided into several parts: integrable systems, integrable systems of hydrodynamic type, WDVV equations (Frobenius manifolds), isomonodromy equations (flat connections), and quantum cohomology. The articles included in the first part are more or less directly devoted to these areas (primarily with the first three listed above). The second part contains articles on quantum theories and algebraic geometry and is less directly connected with Dubrovin's early interests.
Geometric Approximation Algorithms
Exact algorithms for dealing with geometric objects are complicated, hard to implement in practice, and slow. Over the last 20 years a theory of geometric approximation algorithms has emerged. These algorithms tend to be simple, fast, and more robust than their exact counterparts. This book is the first to cover geometric approximation algorithms in detail. In addition, more traditional computational geometry techniques that are widely used in developing such algorithms, like sampling, linear programming, etc., are also surveyed. Other topics covered include approximate nearest-neighbor search, shape approximation, coresets, dimension reduction, and embeddings. The topics covered are relatively independent and are supplemented by exercises. Close to 200 color figures are included in the text to illustrate proofs and ideas.
Morse Theoretic Aspects of $p$-Laplacian Type Operators
Presents a Morse theoretic study of a very general class of homogeneous operators that includes the $p$-Laplacian as a special case. The $p$-Laplacian operator is a quasilinear differential operator that arises in many applications such as non-Newtonian fluid flows. Working with a new sequence of eigenvalues that uses the cohomological index, the authors systematically develop alternative tools such as nonlinear linking and local splitting theories in order to effectively apply Morse theory to quasilinear problems.
Global Aspects of Ergodic Group Actions
A study of ergodic, measure preserving actions of countable discrete groups on standard probability spaces. It explores a direction that emphasizes a global point of view, concentrating on the structure of the space of measure preserving actions of a given group and its associated cocycle spaces.
Dissipative Solitons: From Optics to Biology and Medicine
The dissipative soliton concept is a fundamental extension of the concept of solitons in conservative and integrable systems. It includes ideas from three major sources, namely standard soliton theory developed since the 1960s; nonlinear dynamics theory; and Prigogine's ideas of systems far from equilibrium. These three sources also correspond to the three component parts of this novel paradigm. This book explains the above principles in detail and gives the reader various examples.
Nonlinear Dispersive Equations
This book provides a self-contained presentation of classical and new methods for studying wave phenomena that are related to the existence and stability of solitary and periodic travelling wave solutions for nonlinear dispersive evolution equations. Simplicity, concrete examples, and applications are emphasized throughout in order to make the material easily accessible. The list of classical nonlinear dispersive equations studied include Korteweg-de Vries, Benjamin-Ono, and Schrodinger equations. Many special Jacobian elliptic functions play a role in these examples. The author brings the reader to the forefront of knowledge about some aspects of the theory and motivates future developments in this fascinating and rapidly growing field. The book can be used as an instructive study guide as well as a reference by students and mature scientists interested in nonlinear wave phenomena.
Descriptive Set Theory
Descriptive Set Theory is the study of sets in separable, complete metric spaces that can be defined (or constructed), and so can be expected to have special properties not enjoyed by arbitrary pointsets. This subject was started by the French analysts at the turn of the 20th century, most prominently Lebesgue, and, initially, was concerned primarily with establishing regularity properties of Borel and Lebesgue measurable functions, and analytic, coanalytic, and projective sets. Its rapid development came to a halt in the late 1930s, primarily because it bumped against problems which were independent of classical axiomatic set theory. The field became very active again in the 1960s, with the...
