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Sleep disorders encompass a range of conditions that can significantly impact overall health, safety, and quality of life. Symptoms of sleep disorders include excessive daytime sleepiness, irregular breathing or movements during sleep, disrupted sleep, and difficulty falling asleep. If these conditions are not promptly and effectively treated, patients often experience various physical and mental complications, such as psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, leading to a decreased overall quality of life. Complementary and alternative therapy (CAT) presents a potential approach for the prevention and treatment of sleep disorders. It encompasses a range of management practices, including cognitive behavioral therapy, exercise, mindfulness, meditation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, yoga, herbal medicine, acupuncture, acupressure, Gua Sha, moxibustion, Qigong, Tai Chi, acupoint catgut embedding, acupotomy, nutritional supplements, and vitamin supplements. However, the adoption of CAT for sleep disorders in clinical practice faces numerous challenges due to a limited understanding of their mechanisms and clinical effects.
This brief has been produced by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, in collaboration with the Global Dairy Platform (GDP) and the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases (GRA) and with the financial support of the New Zealand Government. The FAO was approached by GDP and GRA to develop guidance following previous research on dairy cattle in order to support policy makers and livestock sector actors in implementing a process that captures the co-benefits of cattle health initiatives in their climate commitments. It provides examples in specific countries in collaboration with the World Bank and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). This brief provides methodological guidance on the quantification of animal health interventions and their impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, on the basis that they deliver multiple benefits to individual farmers and society which could outweigh the costs of the intervention, particularly when considering reduced GHG emissions.