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Granulation provides a complete and comprehensive introduction on the state-of-the-art of granulation and how it can be applied both in an academic context and from an industrial perspective. Coupling science and engineering practices it covers differing length scales from the sub-granule level through behaviour through single granules, to bulk granule behaviour and equipment design. With special focus on a wide range of industrially relevant areas from fertilizer production, through to pharmaceuticals. Experimental data is complemented by mathematical modelling in this emerging field, allowing for a greater understanding of the basis of particle products and this important industry sector.F...
Particle breakage is an important process within a wide range of solids processing industries, including pharmaceuticals, food, agricultural and mining. Breakage of particles can be defined as intentional and unintentional, depending on whether it is desired or not. Through understanding of the science and underlying mechanisms behind this phenomenon, particle breakage can be either minimised or encouraged within an efficient and effective process. Particle Breakage examines particle breakage at three different length scales, ranging from single particle studies through groups of particles and looking at solid processing steps as a whole. This book is the widest ranging book in the field and...
We badly need new sources of clean energy to generate electricity, heat and power our industries, homes and workplaces. Up to now, we have relied on and used only fossil fuels to power our industrial and domestic activities. The byproducts of fossil fuels include: irreversible pollution and contamination of our Earth, climate change, global warming, and increase in pathogenic and medication-resistant diseases. Exhaustible fossil fuels are expensive to produce and distribute, and not everybody can afford them. Why not switch to natural, non-polluting, inexpensive, inexhaustible fuels such as solar, wind, water, etc., fuels? This is the timely message contained in TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY'S FUEL SUFFICIENCY ROADMAP. You can make this message realisable. Go on reading! Thanks.
Theoretical discussions covering granulation and engineering perspectives. Covers new advances in expert systems, process modelling and bioavailability Chapters on emerging technologies in particle engineering Updated Current research and developments in granulation technologies
This fully revised and updated third edition of Pharmaceutical Inhalation Aerosol Technology encompasses the scientific and technical foundation for the rationale, design, componentry, assembly and quality performance metrics of therapeutic inhalers in their delivery of pharmaceutical aerosols to treat symptoms or the underlying causes of disease. It focuses on the importance of pharmaceutical engineering as a foundational element of all inhaler products and their application to pulmonary drug delivery. The expanded scope considers previously unaddressed aspects of pharmaceutical inhalation aerosol technology and the patient interface by including aerosol delivery, lung deposition and cleara...
The recent introduction of nanomedicines in the drug therapy arena is revolutionizing the management of severe diseases. The key advance in the field is the optimization of the biological fate of drug molecules, thus improving the therapeutic effect while keeping to a very minimum the associated toxicity. Volume one of this book series, Nanoplatfor
Vor dem Hintergrund knapper werdender Ressourcen steigt die Bedeutung nanoskaliger Materialien. Dünnere Schichten mit weniger Materialverbrauch, neue Eigenschaften durch Skaleneffekte im Nanometerbereich und kleinere Leiterbahnen reduzieren nicht nur den Energie- und Materialverbrauch, sondern minimieren auch die Entsorgung. In der pharmazeutischen Forschung geht nach der Entwicklung und Entdeckung neuer Wirkstoffe und deren direkter Rezeptoren im Körper der Weg hin zu einer gesamtheitlicheren Betrachtung, die auch den Wirkstoffweg im Körper berücksichtigt: Die Darreichungsform gewinnt große Bedeutung. Nanoskalige Container sollen hier die Wirkung bei reduziertem Wirkstoffeinsatz maximieren, um damit idealerweise Nebenwirkungen zu minimieren. Die Herstellung neuer nanoskaliger Hohlkugelmaterialien für den Einsatz als Wirkstofftransporter wird hier vorgestellt. Die neuen mit Doxorubicin gefüllten nanoskaligen Gadolinium- und Magnesiumcarbonat-Hohlkugeln zeigen in Zelltests gute Ergebnisse. In der Arbeit werden neben neuen Synthesen und Materialien knapp und präzise die zahlreichen relevanten Analysetechniken erklärt.
In Mikroemulsionen können unterschiedlichste Materialien mit einer geringen Größenverteilung synthetisiert werden. Diese Synthesemöglichkeit war bislang jedoch durch die Verwendung von Wasser auf solche Edukte und Produkte beschränkt, die unempfindlich gegen Hydrolyse und Oxidation sind. Als Alternative zu Wasser wurde in dieser Arbeit wasserfreier, flüssiger Ammoniak verwendet, da dieser zum einem wasserähnliche Eigenschaften besitzt und zum anderen einzigartige synthetische Möglichkeiten. So können z. B. unedle Metalle oder Metallnitride synthetisiert werden, die kolloidchemisch bislang schwer zugänglich sind. Ein weiterer Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt auf der Synthese von nanoporösen Nitriden in einer Ammoniak-flüssigkristallinen-Phase.
This book presents the history, fundamentals, process development, applications, post-processing, and experimental results from additive manufacturing. The chapters cover surface treatments, modification, advancements in heat treatment, mechanical hardening and its effect on the material properties. This book also presents content on simulation, modeling, and optimization of materials processing and surface engineering techniques.
This reference details particle characterization, dynamics, manufacturing, handling, and processing for the employment of multiphase reactors, as well as procedures in reactor scale-up and design for applications in the chemical, mineral, petroleum, power, cement and pharmaceuticals industries. The authors discuss flow through fixed beds, elutriation and entrainment, gas distributor and plenum design in fluidized beds, effect of internal tubes and baffles, general approaches to reactor design, applications for gasifiers and combustors, dilute phase pneumatic conveying, and applications for chemical production and processing. This is a valuable guide for chemists and engineers to use in their day-to-day work.