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Gamma-convergence for Beginners
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 238

Gamma-convergence for Beginners

This is a handbook of Gamma-convergence, which is a theoretical tool to study problems in applied mathematics where varying parameters are present, with many applications that range from mechanics to computer vision.

Topics on Concentration Phenomena and Problems with Multiple Scales
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 326

Topics on Concentration Phenomena and Problems with Multiple Scales

The study of variational problems showing multi-scale behaviour with oscillation or concentration phenomena is a challenging topic of very active research. This volume collects lecture notes on the asymptotic analysis of such problems when multi-scale behaviour derives from scale separation in the passage from atomistic systems to continuous functionals, from competition between bulk and surface energies, from various types of homogenization processes, and on concentration effects in Ginzburg-Landau energies and in subcritical growth problems.

Discrete Variational Problems with Interfaces
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 276

Discrete Variational Problems with Interfaces

Many materials can be modeled either as discrete systems or as continua, depending on the scale. At intermediate scales it is necessary to understand the transition from discrete to continuous models and variational methods have proved successful in this task, especially for systems, both stochastic and deterministic, that depend on lattice energies. This is the first systematic and unified presentation of research in the area over the last 20 years. The authors begin with a very general and flexible compactness and representation result, complemented by a thorough exploration of problems for ferromagnetic energies with applications ranging from optimal design to quasicrystals and percolation. This leads to a treatment of frustrated systems, and infinite-dimensional systems with diffuse interfaces. Each topic is presented with examples, proofs and applications. Written by leading experts, it is suitable as a graduate course text as well as being an invaluable reference for researchers.

A Variational Theory of Convolution-Type Functionals
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 121

A Variational Theory of Convolution-Type Functionals

This book provides a general treatment of a class of functionals modelled on convolution energies with kernel having finite p-moments. A general asymptotic analysis of such non-local functionals is performed, via Gamma-convergence, in order to show that the limit may be a local functional representable as an integral. Energies of this form are encountered in many different contexts and the interest in building up a general theory is also motivated by the multiple interests in applications (e.g. peridynamics theory, population dynamics phenomena and data science). The results obtained are applied to periodic and stochastic homogenization, perforated domains, gradient flows, and point-clouds models. This book is mainly intended for mathematical analysts and applied mathematicians who are also interested in exploring further applications of the theory to pass from a non-local to a local description, both in static problems and in dynamic problems.

Homogenization of Multiple Integrals
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 322

Homogenization of Multiple Integrals

The object of homogenization theory is the description of the macroscopic properties of structures with fine microstructure, covering a wide range of applications that run from the study of properties of composites to optimal design. The structures under consideration may model cellular elastic materials, fibred materials, stratified or porous media, or materials with many holes or cracks. In mathematical terms, this study can be translated in the asymptotic analysis of fast-oscillating differential equations or integral functionals. The book presents an introduction to the mathematical theory of homogenization of nonlinear integral functionals, with particular regard to those general result...

Connecting Atomistic and Continuum Models of Nonlinear Elasticity Theory
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 182

Connecting Atomistic and Continuum Models of Nonlinear Elasticity Theory

The nonlinear elastic behavior of solid materials is often described in the context of continuum mechanics. Alternatively, one can try to determine the behavior of every single atom in the material. Classically, the connection between these two types of models is made with the Cauchy-Born rule. The aim of this book is to provide good criteria for the Cauchy-Born rule to be true and to make the connection between continuum and atomistic models precise. In particular, this includes rigorous proofs for the existence of solutions to the atomistic boundary value problem and their convergence to the corresponding continuum solutions in the limit of small interatomic distances.

Local Minimization, Variational Evolution and Γ-Convergence
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 184

Local Minimization, Variational Evolution and Γ-Convergence

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2014-07-08
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  • Publisher: Springer

This book addresses new questions related to the asymptotic description of converging energies from the standpoint of local minimization and variational evolution. It explores the links between Gamma-limits, quasistatic evolution, gradient flows and stable points, raising new questions and proposing new techniques. These include the definition of effective energies that maintain the pattern of local minima, the introduction of notions of convergence of energies compatible with stable points, the computation of homogenized motions at critical time-scales through the definition of minimizing movement along a sequence of energies, the use of scaled energies to study long-term behavior or backward motion for variational evolutions. The notions explored in the book are linked to existing findings for gradient flows, energetic solutions and local minimizers, for which some generalizations are also proposed.

Geometric Flows on Planar Lattices
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 138

Geometric Flows on Planar Lattices

This book introduces the reader to important concepts in modern applied analysis, such as homogenization, gradient flows on metric spaces, geometric evolution, Gamma-convergence tools, applications of geometric measure theory, properties of interfacial energies, etc. This is done by tackling a prototypical problem of interfacial evolution in heterogeneous media, where these concepts are introduced and elaborated in a natural and constructive way. At the same time, the analysis introduces open issues of a general and fundamental nature, at the core of important applications. The focus on two-dimensional lattices as a prototype of heterogeneous media allows visual descriptions of concepts and methods through a large amount of illustrations.

Mathematical Modeling in Cultural Heritage
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 230

Mathematical Modeling in Cultural Heritage

This book collects contributions presented at the INdAM Workshop "Mathematical modeling and Analysis of degradation and restoration in Cultural Heritage–MACH2021", held in Rome, Italy in September 2021. The book is focused on mathematical modeling and simulation techniques with the aim of improving the current strategies of conservation and restoration in cultural heritage, sharing different experiences and approaches. The main topics are corrosion and sulphation of materials, damage and fractures, stress in thermomechanical systems, contact and adhesion problems, and phase transitions.

Phylogenetics
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 258

Phylogenetics

'Phylogenetics' is the reconstruction and analysis of phylogenetic (evolutionary) trees and networks based on inherited characteristics. It is a flourishing area of intereaction between mathematics, statistics, computer science and biology.The main role of phylogenetic techniques lies in evolutionary biology, where it is used to infer historical relationships between species. However, the methods are also relevant to a diverse range of fields including epidemiology, ecology, medicine, as well as linguistics and cognitive psychologyThis graduate-level book, based on the authors lectures at The University of Canterbury, New Zealand, focuses on the mathematical aspects of phylogenetics. It brin...