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The book provides a critical overview of innovation policy in Europe and a synopsis of the current institutional framework of Europe shaped after the Europe2020 strategy and in view of the upcoming Horizon2020 agenda. What emerges is a rather gloomy outlook for the future of Europe's innovation, unless EU institutions and Member States will decide to streamline existing policies and build a "layered" model of innovation, in which governments act as investors in key enabling infrastructure such as ICT and education; as enablers of large technology markets where researchers and entrepreneurs can meet; and as purchasers of innovation when key societal challenges are at stake. The book contains proposals for the future innovation strategy of the EU and a specific analysis of areas such as the unitary patent, the transfer of technology (particularly as far as climate-related technologies and IP markets are concerned), standardization, and the digital agenda.
Despite still being in its infancy, artificial intelligence (AI) has already shown enormous potential to advance humanity towards new frontiers of prosperity and growth. Due to its powerful force, however, AI can also pose significant risks, which should be handled with the utmost care, but not with fear. The world's top political leaders have understood AI's disruptive potential and are rushing to secure a competitive advantage in this crucial emerging domain, even at the price of reviving old-fashioned industrial policy. At the same time, academia and civil society are calling for widely shared ethical principles to avoid negative repercussions. In this fast-changing context, Europe is str...
Innovation and entrepreneurship are key pillars of economic growth and well-being. They may also serve as a crucial driver of Europe's future economic (and possibly political) recovery. Around the world, innovation and entrepreneurship are evoked as major avenues for economic growth and competitiveness, while recent debates aim at reconciling sustainability and governance. Over the past two decades, however, Europe has performed rather poorly, on average, in both dimensions. On one hand, many political leaders have denounced the existence of an "innovation emergency" in Europe. At the same time, commentators have observed Europe's inability to create a suitable environment in which entrepreneurship can flourish. In the autumn of 2015, CEPS formed a Task Force of experts and stakeholders to examine key aspects of the debate on how to boost these two dimensions in Europe. Their report takes a dynamic, forward-looking view of EU policy, encompassing technological development, new business models, the expected changes in the labor market, and the evolving role of public and private players as platforms and actors of innovation.
This interdisciplinary and international handbook captures and shapes much needed reflection on normative frameworks for the production, application, and use of artificial intelligence in all spheres of individual, commercial, social, and public life.
The 32nd issue of the International Productivity Monitor is a special issue produced in collaboration with the OECD. All articles published in this issue were selected from papers presented at the First Annual Conference of the OECD Global Forum on Productivity held in Lisbon, Portugal, July ...
The use of economics in public policy, in the form of ex ante Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA), is strongly advocated by international organizations, such as the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and the World Bank. In the US and the EU, hundreds of RIAs are produced every year to justify public intervention in the form of regulation. But, reality shows that, in many other countries, the adoption and implementation of this tool has been patchy at best. At the same time, the use of economics in RIA is heavily challenged by scholarly developments, such as behavioral economics, neuroeconomics, and the study of social norms, and was unable to predict and cure the financial c...