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Viruses, Pandemics, and Immunity
How viruses emerge to cause pandemics, how our immune system combats them, and how diagnostic tests, vaccines, and antiviral therapies work. Throughout history, humans have contended with pandemics. History is replete with references to plagues, pestilence, and contagion, but the devastation wrought by pandemics had been largely forgotten by the twenty-first century. Now, the enormous human and economic toll of the rapidly spreading COVID-19 disease offers a vivid reminder that infectious disease pandemics are one of the greatest existential threats to humanity. This book provides an accessible explanation of how viruses emerge to cause pandemics, how our immune system combats them, and how diagnostic tests, vaccines, and antiviral therapies work-- concepts that are a foundation for our public health policies.
Inspired by Biology
Scientists have long desired to create synthetic systems that function with the precision and efficiency of biological systems. Using new techniques, researchers are now uncovering principles that could allow the creation of synthetic materials that can perform tasks as precise as biological systems. To assess the current work and future promise of the biology-materials science intersection, the Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation asked the NRC to identify the most compelling questions and opportunities at this interface, suggest strategies to address them, and consider connections with national priorities such as healthcare and economic growth. This book presents a discussion of principles governing biomaterial design, a description of advanced materials for selected functions such as energy and national security, an assessment of biomolecular materials research tools, and an examination of infrastructure and resources for bridging biological and materials science.
Chemical Engineering
'Chemical engineering is the field of applied science that employs physical, chemical, and biological rate processes for the betterment of humanity'. This opening sentence of Chapter 1 has been the underlying paradigm of chemical engineering. Chemical Engineering: An Introduction is designed to enable the student to explore the activities in which a modern chemical engineer is involved by focusing on mass and energy balances in liquid-phase processes. Problems explored include the design of a feedback level controller, membrane separation, hemodialysis, optimal design of a process with chemical reaction and separation, washout in a bioreactor, kinetic and mass transfer limits in a two-phase reactor, and the use of the membrane reactor to overcome equilibrium limits on conversion. Mathematics is employed as a language at the most elementary level. Professor Morton M. Denn incorporates design meaningfully; the design and analysis problems are realistic in format and scope.
New Avenues in Drug Discovery and Bioactive Natural Products
New Avenues in Drug Discovery and Bioactive Natural Products is the second volume of the Natural Medicine book series. It is devoted to current research in drug discovery from natural sources. The volume features 13 chapters that cover modern analytical and scientific approaches. The book starts with chapters on advanced analytical and research techniques, such as genomic mining, quality control of herbal drugs, DNA fingerprinting, high-throughput screening, molecular docking and extraction techniques. The contributors provide a summary of challenges for researchers and commercial applications where possible. The book also features chapters dedicated to specific medicinal agents that target a disease (glycosides, SARS-CoV2 spike protein inhibitors, and andrographolides. The collection of important research topics in natural product chemistry aims to help the scholars and researchers in the scientific community that are involved in the extraction and development of new medicines.
The Politics and Science of COVID-19
Despite recent outbreaks and warnings of a future global pandemic, the world seemed largely unprepared when COVID-19 quickly spread from China to Europe to the United States and beyond. In the US the response was slow and heavily politicized. What went wrong and what can be done to ensure the country is prepared for the next pandemic? Carefully selected viewpoints from experts in the field explore the virus and how it spread; the scientific community’s scramble to understand, treat, and vaccinate; and how science and politics can work together in the future.
Essential Surgical Practice
Essential Surgical Practice: Higher Surgical Training in General Surgery is an indispensable source of reference for the surgical trainee. This fifth volume is fully updated and caters for the needs of the senior trainee surgeon undertaking higher surgical training in general surgery, providing detailed information on those specialties which the general surgeon is required to have a working knowledge of, with a special emphasis on trauma and vascular surgery. Significant changes in surgical training have occurred over the past decade and Essential Surgical Practice reflects this by dividing the chapters into three distinct parts: general patient care; trauma; general surgical care. The text is structured to be highly patient-oriented in line with current thought and practice, with a firm underpinning of pathophysiology. Essential Surgical Practice: Higher Surgical Training in General Surgery will be an indispensable source of reference for all surgical trainees and can be used with confidence in association with local studies and distance learning courses. The content is consistent with the scope and level of information required for international postgraduate examinations.
Nanostructured Materials
This thematic volume of Advances in Chemical Engineering presents the latest advances in the exciting interdisciplinary field of nanostructured materials. Written by chemical engineers, chemists, physicists, materials scientists, and bioengineers, this volume focuses on the molecular engineering of materials at the nanometer scale for unique size-dependent properties. It describes a "bottom-up" approach to designing nanostructured systems for a variety of chemical, physical, and biological applications.
An Introduction to Mass and Heat Transfer
This text is the outgrowth of Stanley Middleman's years of teaching and contains more than sufficient materials to support a one-semester course in fluid dynamics. His primary belief in the classroom and hence the material in this textbook is that the development of a mathematical is central to the analysis and design of an engineering system or process. His text is therefore oriented toward teaching students how to develop mathematical representations of physical phenomena. Great effort has been put forth to provide many examples of experimental data against which the results of modeling exercises can be compared and to expose students to the wide range of technologies of interest to chemical, environmental and bio engineering students. Examples presented are motivated by real engineering applications and may of the problems are derived from the author's years of experience as a consultant to companies whose businesses cover a broad spectrum of engineering technologies.
