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Poder Público e Processo
"A presente publicação, a par de me remeter aos sentimentos positivos assim resumidos, permite-me aferir o frutífero resultado de mais um semestre de pesquisas, no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito do Centro Universitário Christus, no âmbito da disciplina "Poder Público e Litigiosidade". Nela, examinam-se questões ligadas à difícil tarefa de solucionar conflitos envolvendo aquele encarregado de resolvê-los, a saber, o próprio Estado. São temas bem mais complexos do que podem à primeira vista parecer, e, de resto, Constituições e catálogos de Direitos Fundamentais surgiram, ao longo da História, como tentativas de solucionar problemas nesse âmbito. Levaram às revoluções, revoltas e guerras que ensejaram a criação ou o aprimoramento de instituições destinadas a conter o arbítrio e submetê-lo às soluções calcadas no Direito".
História Monetária Brasileira
Como dizia Souza Lobo: “Nada criamos, nada inventamos, e pouco ou nada inovamos; pesquisar, coligir e compilar—foi nossa missão”. D. João IV e D. Affonso VI ligam-se intimamente à numismática Brasileira por sucessivas evoluções monetárias decorridas em seus reinados; quanto a D. Pedro II, basta dizer que foi o fundador das primeiras casas monetárias no ESTADO DO BRASIL, a cujo povo, por sua alta magnanimidade, concedeu o exercido da soberania nacional. A numismática (do grego númisma) é a ciência que estuda e descreve as moedas, medalhas e similares, sob o ponto de vista histórico, artístico e econômico. As moedas documentam os diversos aspectos da sua concepção, utili...
História Monetária Medieval
Na época da queda final do Império Ocidental, a cunhagem romana diminuiu. Havia uma quantidade escassa do mais miserável cobre, ou melhor, bronze, das menores dimensões; e no estabelecimento de novos reinos sobre as ruínas do império caído, nenhuma melhoria ocorreu, e aparentemente muito pouca moeda nova foi cunhada, - com exceção dos trientes de ouro dos primeiros reis góticos da Espanha, e aqueles da raça merovíngia de reis francos - até o início do século sétimo, quando as moedas de prata, e peças ainda menores, da Europa moderna apareceram. Essas foram por muito tempo as únicas moedas conhecidas, até que gradualmente, e depois de vários séculos, os grumos foram emitidos, e então pedaços maiores; e, no início do século dezesseis, as coroas e meias-coroas de prata surgiram pela primeira vez. O primeiro ouro apareceu no século XIII, e a primeira moeda de cobre genuína da Europa moderna só muito mais tarde.
Economy and Society in Baroque Portugal, 1668-1703
Economy and Society in Baroque Portugal, 1668–1703 was first published in 1981. Minnesota Archive Editions uses digital technology to make long-unavailable books once again accessible, and are published unaltered from the original University of Minnesota Press editions. The late seventeenth century in Portugal was a period of apparent calm, and few historians have given it much attention. Portugal's Golden Age of worldwide expansion had made sixteenth-century Lisbon a great commercial center, but other European nations with more advanced economies surpassed Portugal's achievement, and during the seventeenth century agricultural, economic, and political problems all contributed to Portugal'...
A New World of Gold and Silver
Colonial Latin America was famed for the precious metals plundered by the conquistadores and the gold and silver extracted from its mines. Historians and economists have attempted to determine the amount of bullion produced and its impact on the colonies themselves and the emerging early-modern world economy. Using official tax and mintage records, this book provides decade-by-decade and often annual data on the amount of gold and silver officially refined and coined in the treasury and mint districts of Spanish and Portuguese America. It also places American bullion output within the context of global production and addresses the issue of contraband production and bullion smuggling. The book is thus an invaluable source for evaluating the rise of the early-modern economy.
Wh-exclamatives, Imperatives and Wh-questions
Research on left periphery phenomena has increased in the last 20 years, resulting in consistent studies from a wide range of languages and a fruitful debate on the functional projections within the CP system. Throughout these years, important contributions have been made on Brazilian Portuguese, especially on wh-interrogative sentences, focalization, topicalization and relative clauses. As for exclamative and imperative sentences, however, there is a considerable research gap in all grammatical levels. Regarding interrogatives, semantic and prosodic studies are still lacking (as well as research on the acquisition and processing of these constructions). This collected volume fills some of those gaps, gathering studies on wh-exclamatives, imperatives and wh-questions in Brazilian Portuguese which approach syntactical, semantical and prosodic aspects of these constructions through a rich and unregistered set of data. They also deliver novel acquisition and diachronic data that will further both the comprehension of Brazilian Portuguese grammar and the ongoing discussions on left periphery phenomena.
Las lenguas de las Américas - the Languages of the Americas
Las lenguas de las Américas - the Languages of the Americas takes the reader on a journey through twenty chapters addressing the languages of the Americas all the way from Canada and the USA to Argentina and Brazil. The authors are international experts who have written mainly in Spanish and English, but in a few cases also in French, Portuguese and German. The book deals with the languages of the descendants of the first Americans; it gives an insight into the American varieties of English, French, Portuguese and Spanish; it explores the outcome of the long-lasting coexistence of various autochthonous and European languages; it also looks into some very specific hybrid forms of locally or regionally unique varieties in the Americas, focusing on creolization, code-switching and translanguaging resulting from language contact. The languages and linguistic varieties dealt with in this book are numerous and so are the approaches and methods applied; most are mainly synchronic, but some are also diachronic. All in all, the book has managed to draw a succinct and representative portrait of the multifaceted linguistic landscapes of the Americas.
Military Orders in the Early Modern Portuguese World
During the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries, the three Portuguese military orders of Christ, Santiago and Avis became that kingdom's most important institutions for rewarding services to the Crown. Membership in these military orders was highly prized as status symbols and because of the orders' "purity of blood" statutes, these knighthoods were more highly esteemed than mere patents of nobility, especially since such knighthoods automatically ennobled. Francis A. Dutra has written widely on the Portuguese military orders of Christ, Santiago and Avis - a topic generally neglected by students of early modern Portugal. This volume brings together a selection of his pioneering essays. Based extensively on archival research, they reflect his special interest in social mobility and use of the knighthoods for patronage, while particular sections focus on the role of the orders in the Portuguese maritime expansion and in India and Brazil, and on the medical profession. The collection includes English translations of four studies that originally appeared in Portuguese, as well as a detailed index, in itself a useful research tool.
