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The Ideal of Parliament in Europe since 1800
This edited collection explores the perceptions and memories of parliamentarianism across Europe, examining the complex ideal of parliament since 1800. Parliament has become the key institution in modern democracy, and the chapters present the evolution of the ideal of parliamentary representation and government, and discuss the reception and value of parliament as an institution. It is considered both as a guiding concept, a Leitidee, as well as an ideal, an Idealtypus. The volume is split into three sections. The establishment of parliament in the nineteenth century and the transfer of parliamentary ideals, models and practices are described in the first section, based on the British and F...
Hacking Europe
Hacking Europe traces the user practices of chopping games in Warsaw, hacking software in Athens, creating chaos in Hamburg, producing demos in Turku, and partying with computing in Zagreb and Amsterdam. Focusing on several European countries at the end of the Cold War, the book shows the digital development was not an exclusively American affair. Local hacker communities appropriated the computer and forged new cultures around it like the hackers in Yugoslavia, Poland and Finland, who showed off their tricks and creating distinct “demoscenes.” Together the essays reflect a diverse palette of cultural practices by which European users domesticated computer technologies. Each chapter explores the mediating actors instrumental in introducing and spreading the cultures of computing around Europe. More generally, the “ludological” element--the role of mischief, humor, and play--discussed here as crucial for analysis of hacker culture, opens new vistas for the study of the history of technology.
Parties as Governments in Eurasia, 1913–1991
This book examines the political parties which emerged on the territories of the former Ottoman, Qing, Russian, and Habsburg empires and not only took over government power but merged with government itself. It discusses how these parties, disillusioned with previous constitutional and parliamentary reforms, justified their takeovers with programs of controlled or supervised economic and social development, including acting as the mediators between the various social and ethnic groups in the respective territories. It pays special attention to nation-building through the party, to institutions (both constitutional and de facto), and to the global and comparative aspects of one-party regimes....
Well-being, Sustainability and Social Development
This open access book examines more than two centuries of societal development using novel historical and statistical approaches. It applies the well-being monitor developed by Statistics Netherlands that has been endorsed by a significant part of the international, statistical community. It features The Netherlands as a case study, which is an especially interesting example; although it was one of the world’s richest countries around 1850, extreme poverty and inequality were significant problems of well-being at the time. Monitors of 1850, 1910, 1970 and 2015 depict the changes in three dimensions of well-being: the quality of life 'here and now', 'later' and 'elsewhere'. The analysis of ...
In the Name of the People: Perpetrators of Genocide in the Reflection of Their Post-War Prosecution in West Germany
In the Name of the People explores the profile of the perpetrators of Nazi genocide as reflected in postwar German trial sentences. It investigates their social background, their `route to crime', and their role in the Nazi extermination apparatus. In addition, it studies the postwar prosecution of these genocidal criminals in West Germany. It describes and analyses the obstacles, `bottlenecks', and omissions in the prosecuting policies and presents their statistical record. It examines the way in which postwar German courts dealt with these criminals by an in-depth study of the trial sentences against two specific groups of genocidal perpetrators: the `Euthanasia' and `Aktion Reinhard' kill...
Civic Education and Contested Democracy
This book explores citizenship education and democracy in the Netherlands. From the Second World War to the present day, debates about civic education and democracy have raged in the country: this book demonstrates how citizens, social movements and political elites have articulated their own notions of democracy. Civic education illustrates democracy as an essentially contested concept – the transmission of political ideals highlights conflicting democratic values and a problem of paternalism. Ultimately, who dictates what democracy is, and to whom? As expectations of citizens rise, they are viewed more and more as objects of a pedagogical project, itself a controversial notion. Focusing on what democracy means practically in society, this book will be of interest to scholars of citizenship education and post-war Dutch political history.
Ethiek van DNA tot 9/11
Are there limits to cultural diversity? Does an animal have rights? Do we overlook the implications of stem cell technology? Do the public media have their own accountability? Does sport go together with gene therapy? Is ' global governance ' an answer on the instability of the world after 9/11? At the beginning of the 21st century, we are faced daily with these and other ethical questions. In our pluralist society, in which divergent views coexist with each other, no one ethical approach can offer us a unique vision. In Ethics - from DNA to 9/11, the authors scrutinize a number of ethical issues and help the readers arrive at their own conclusion. This is a unique title for everyone who wishes to be informed thoroughly and reliably on the way in which ethical questions are handled nowadays. With contributions from Govert den Hartogh, Guido Pennings, Michiel Korthals, Ronald Commers, Paul Cliteur, Amade M'Charek, Frans Jacobs, Hugo van den Enden, Hub Zwart, Peter Derkx, Sigrid Sterx, Rob van Es and Rik Coolsaet.
Ik wil er niets van weten
In de afgelopen vijftig jaar is ad-hocbeleid de rijksoverheid gaan beheersen. Financiële doelstellingen vervingen weloverwogen inhoudelijke afwegingen. Gebrek aan visie, kennis en tijd van Tweede Kamerleden, bewindspersonen en ambtenaren was de oorzaak, in wisselwerking met pragmatisme, bezuinigingen, doelmatigheidsstreven en verzelfstandiging. Den Haag lijkt te zijn vastgeroest in het denken in termen van oplossingen, geld, regels, managen, markt en meten. Deze ontwikkelingen zijn in deel I van dit boek beschreven. In deel II is dit geïllustreerd voor het volkshuisvestingsbeleid. De pragmatische introductie van de huursubsidie in 1970 luidde het begin van het einde in van de rijksverantwoordelijkheid voor de volkshuisvesting in 1995. In deel III staat hoe de integratie van kruiswerk en gezinszorg om doelmatigheidsredenen vanaf het einde van de jaren tachtig uitmondde in een opeenstapeling van ad-hocbeleid in de thuiszorg. Dat leidde tot steeds meer zinloze bureaucratie. Dit onderzoek biedt een degelijk onderbouwde, uitgesproken en kritische visie op het functioneren van Haagse politiek in het algemeen en op politici van links en rechts vanaf de jaren zeventig.
Vertrouwen is goed maar begrijpen is beter
Gerdi Verbeet (1951) werd in 2006 Tweede-Kamervoorzitter. Het was de periode waarin het parlement moest proberen een nieuw evenwicht te vinden na de opkomst, ondergang en nogmaals opkomst van nieuwe partijen. De omgangsvormen veranderden en het taalgebruik van de afgevaardigden werd dagelijkser, wat Gerdi Verbeet zowel op verwijten kwam te staan als waardering opleverde. Na de Tweede-Kamerverkiezingen in juni 2010 werd ze met bijna tweederde van de stemmen door haar collega s herkozen als voorzitter. In dit boek vertelt ze wat de kwesties zijn waar volgens haar de supporters van de parlementaire democratie zich zorgen over zouden moeten maken en speurt ze met behulp van veertien geïnspireerde gesprekspartners naar het zwarte gat waarin die supporters lijken te zijn verdwenen. Maar Gerdi Verbeet ziet ook kansen. Zowel optimisten als pessimisten zullen dit boek met plezier citeren, mede omdat er slim in wordt geargumenteerd en het tegelijk de aangenaam relativerende toon heeft die ook als voorzitter haar handelsmerk is.
