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This volume of 23 essays on diverse aspects of the complex and challenging concept of "decent work" has its inception in the "Impulses of Salzburg 2009". Questions of decent work and decent unemployment have become especially salient in times of an economic and financial crisis. The establishment of decent working conditions and decent unemployment provisions - a complex matter of securing the right ethical mix of security and incentives - are perceived as major challenges not only for developing and undeveloped countries, which still don't have stable economies and where the rate of poverty and corruption is still high, but also for "developed" societies themselves.
This book develops the view that meaningful work is central in human flourishing. The author defends a pluralistic account of what makes work meaningful, arguing that work can be meaningful in virtue of developing capabilities, supporting virtues, providing a purpose, or integrating elements of a worker's life.
Neuroenhancement (NE) is a behavior conceptualized as the use of a potentially psychoactive substance to enhance ones’ already proficient cognitive capacities. Depending on the specific definitions used, prevalence estimates vary greatly between very low 0.3% (for illicit substances) to astonishingly high 89% (for freely available lifestyle substances). These variations indicate that further research and more conceptual and theoretical clarification of the NE construct is dearly needed. The contributions of this research topic aim to do just that. Specific questions addressed are: How prevalent is NE behavior? How can NE research profit from the already more evolved field of social science...
Coffee in Health and Disease Prevention presents a comprehensive look at the compounds in coffee, their reported benefits (or toxicity risks) and also explores them on a health-condition specific level, providing researchers and academics with a single-volume resource to help in identifying potential treatment uses. No other book on the market considers all the varieties of coffee in one volume, or takes the disease-focused approach that will assist in directing further research and studies. The book embraces a holistic approach and effectively investigates coffee and its specific compounds from the biochemical to the nutritional well-being of geographical populations. This book represents e...
Wie hat man sich die weitere Entwicklung von Gesellschafts- und Familienstrukturen vorzustellen? ExpertInnen aus Soziologie und Psychologie entwerfen Szenarien für die nächsten Jahrzehnte und geben damit wichtige Hinweise auf zukünftige Aufgaben in Familienforschung und Familienpolitik. Die AutorInnen loten Zukunftspfade von familialen und anderen privaten Lebensformen aus. So entstehen Prognosen und Szenarien, die die Dynamik des Wandels besser verstehen lassen. Dabei geht es weniger darum, durch Vorhersagen unsere Neugierde zu befriedigen, wie die Welt tatsächlich einmal aussehen wird, sondern eher darum, aktuelle Hoffnungen oder Wünsche, aber auch Warnungen zum Ausdruck zu bringen. S...
«Lo que amenaza al hombre no viene en primer lugar de los efectos posiblemente mortales de las máquinas y los aparatos de la técnica. La auténtica amenaza ha abordado ya al hombre en su esencia. El dominio de la estructura de emplazamiento amenaza con la posibilidad de que al hombre le pueda ser negado entrar en un hacer salir lo oculto más originario, y de que este modo le sea negado experienciar la exhortación de una verdad más inicial». (Martin Heidegger, en La pregunta por la técnica)
Das Thema Religion hat in den letzten Jahren eine ungeahnte Renaissance und mediale Aufmerksamkeit erlebt. Dahinter bleibt jedoch das tatsächliche Wissen über die persönliche Religiosität der Menschen und die gesellschaftlichen Ausprägungen und Dynamiken von Religion weit zurück. Dieses Wissen erlangt angesichts der zunehmenden religiösen Pluralität innerhalb unserer Gesellschaft und des steigenden Austausches mit kulturell und religiös anders geprägten Gesellschaften im Zuge der Globalisierung aber eine besondere Bedeutung. Die Bertelsmann Stiftung hat deshalb mit Hilfe von Religionswissenschaftlern, Soziologen, Psychologen und Theologen ein Instrument entwickelt, das die verschie...
Cognitive enhancement is the use of drugs, biotechnological strategies or other means by healthy individuals aiming at the improvement of cognitive functions such as vigilance, concentration or memory without any medical need. In particular, the use of pharmacological substances (caffeine, prescription drugs or illicit drugs) has received considerable attention during the last few years. Currently, however, little is known concerning the use of cognitive enhancers, their effects in healthy individuals and the place and function of cognitive enhancement in everyday life. The purpose of the book is to give an overview of the current research on cognitive enhancement and to provide in-depth insights into the interdisciplinary debate on cognitive enhancement.
Research with the Locus of Control Construct, Volume 1: Assessment Methods was created to serve two purposes. The first is to fill the researcher's need for information about the application of appropriate locus of control scales to their particular purposes or samples. It presents a variety of locus of control scales and describes the relevant research and applications. The second purpose for this book involves the general field of personality psychology. Often personality constructs emerge, occupy center stage for the better part of a decade, and then almost silently disappear from view. By contrast, the locus of control construct has occupied a central position in personality research for...
Coffee: Emerging Health Benefits and Disease Prevention presents a comprehensive overview of the recent scientific advances in the field. The book focuses on the following topics: coffee constituents; pro- and antioxidant properties of coffee constituents; bioavailability of coffee constituents; health benefits and disease prevention effects of coffee; and potential negative impacts on health. Multiple chapters describe coffee's positive impact on health and various diseases: type 2 diabetes; neurodegenerative diseases (Parkinson's and Alzheimer's); cancer (prostate, bladder, pancreatic, breast, ovarian, colon and colorectal); cardiovascular health; and liver health. Coffee's positive effects on mood, suicide rate and cognitive performance are addressed as are the negative health impacts of coffee on pregnancy, insulin sensitivity, dehydration, gastric irritation, anxiety, and withdrawal syndrome issues. Written by many of the top researchers in the world, Coffee: Emerging Health Benefits and Disease Prevention is a must-have reference for food professionals in academia, industry, and governmental and regulatory agencies whose work involves coffee.