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The combination of global warming and urban sprawl is the origin of the most hazardous climate change effect detected at urban level: Urban Heat Island, representing the urban overheating respect to the countryside surrounding the city. This book includes 18 papers representing the state of the art of detection, assessment mitigation and adaption to urban overheating. Advanced methods, strategies and technologies are here analyzed including relevant issues as: the role of urban materials and fabrics on urban climate and their potential mitigation, the impact of greenery and vegetation to reduce urban temperatures and improve the thermal comfort, the role the urban geometry in the air temperature rise, the use of satellite and ground data to assess and quantify the urban overheating and develop mitigation solutions, calculation methods and application to predict and assess mitigation scenarios. The outcomes of the book are thus relevant for a wide multidisciplinary audience, including: environmental scientists and engineers, architect and urban planners, policy makers and students.
A utilização das técnicas de Zoneamento Agroclimático pode ser considerada fruto da investigação sobre as possíveis consequências da dinâmica e atuação de sistemas naturais sobre uma superfície que esteja sob domínio de um sistema de produção vegetal criado pelo homem. Tal dinâmica não se restringe apenas ao aumento da fertilidade e dos movimentos da água no solo, mas também aos movimentos atmosféricos, aos processos geomorfológicos e, principalmente, às repercussões socioeconômicas ocorridas nas áreas cultivadas, em especial, nas áreas rurais. Os estudos e realização do zoneamento agroclimático preveem a utilização de técnicas de cartografia e geoprocessament...
O presente livro traz, a partir de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar, estudos de caso e análises sobre diferentes possibilidades de uso da tecnologia a favor do patrimônio e sobre formas de desenvolvimento de resiliência e mitigações aos efeitos das mudanças climáticas. A obra, composta por oito capítulos, dos quais sete foram produzidos no seio do Laboratório do Ambiente (https://labam.dev/), nos traz uma orientação para todo nosso potencial de mudança sobre o mundo que nos cerca. As relações entre estudos de caso concretos, reflexões teóricas e metodológicas e, em especial, a proposição de caminhos para construirmos um presente e um futuro diferentes, nos mostram que os tempos podem ser difíceis, mas é neste tempo presente que podemos optar e construir um amanhã (muito próximo!) melhor. Na certeza de uma boa leitura, Aline Carvalho Coordenadora do Comitê de Mudanças Climáticas e Patrimônio do Icomos Brasil
Our responses to our thermal environment have a considerable effect on our performance and behavior, not least in the realm of work. There has been considerable scientific investigation of these responses and formal methods have been developed for environmental evaluation and design. In recent years these have been developed to the extent that detailed national and international standards of practice have now become feasible. This new edition of Ken Parson's definitive text brings us back up to date. He covers hot, moderate and cold environments, and defines these in terms of six basic parameters: air temperature, radiate temperature, humidity, air velocity, clothing worn, and the person's a...
Heat islands are urban and suburban areas that are significantly warmer than their surroundings. Traditional, highly absorptive construction materials and a lack of effective landscaping are their main causes. Heat island problems, in terms of increased energy consumption, reduced air quality and effects on human health and mortality, are becoming more pressing as cities continue to grow and sprawl. This comprehensive book brings together the latest information about heat islands and their mitigation. The book describes how heat islands are formed, what problems they cause, which technologies mitigate heat island effects and what policies and actions can be taken to cool communities. Internationally renowned expert Lisa Gartland offers a comprehensive source of information for turning heat islands into cool communities. The author includes sections on cool roofing and cool paving, explains their benefits in detail and provides practical guidelines for their selection and installation. The book also reviews how and why to incorporate trees and vegetation around buildings, in parking lots and on green roofs.
Including ten new chapters on nature, globalization, development, and risk and a new section on practicing geography, this is a completely revised and updated edition of the bestselling, standard student resource. The Second Edition of Key Concepts in Geography explains the key terms – space, time, place, scale, landscape - that define the language of geography. It is unique in the reference literature as it provides - in one volume – concepts from both human geography and physical geography; especially relevant now that environment is so critical to our understanding of geography.
This book offers a fundamental contribution to the literature on the creative industries and the knowledge-based economy by focusing on three aspects: urban spaces as key sites of capitalist restructuring, creative industries' policies as state technologies aimed at economic exploitation, and the role of networks of aesthetic production in inflecting these tendencies. It simultaneously goes beyond these debates by integrating a concern with the cultural and aesthetic dimensions of the creative industries. As such, the book is relevant to researchers interested in the transdisciplinary project of a cultural political economy of creativity and urban change.
A complete collection of the British comedy show following Rowan Atkinson's hapless, rubber-faced clown. The set includes all episodes from the original series and the animated spin-off, as well as the two 'Mr Bean' movies. In 'Bean - The Ultimate Disaster Movie' (1997), Mr Bean (Atkinson) has obtained a job as an attendant at the National Gallery in London. He enjoys the protection of the chairman, but the gallery's governors are keen to be rid of him. When the Grierson Gallery in Los Angeles asks for an expert to give a speech on the recently-purchased painting of Whistler's mother, Bean is quickly despatched. On his arrival in America he begins wreaking havoc in the art world. In 'Mr Bean's Holiday' (2007), Bean has won a church fete raffle's top prize, consisting of a trip to France, where the language barrier predictably causes our hero no end of grief until he meets Emil (Karel Roden), a Russian director on his way to judge at Cannes.
The global political economy is inescapably cultural. Whether we talk about the economic dimensions of the "war on terror", the sub-prime crisis and its aftermath, or the ways in which new information technology has altered practices of production and consumption, it has become increasingly clear that these processes cannot be fully captured by the hyper-rational analysis of economists or the slogans of class conflict. This book argues that culture is a concept that can be used to develop more subtle and fruitful analyses of the dynamics and problems of the global political economy. Rediscovering the unacknowledged role of culture in the writings of classical political economists, the contri...
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) is an area of growing interest for many people studying the urban environment and local/global climate change. The UHI has been scientifically studied for 200 years and, although it is an apparently simple phenomenon, there is considerable confusion around the different types of UHI and their assessment. The Urban Heat Island—A Guidebook provides simple instructions for measuring and analysing the phenomenon, as well as greater context for defining the UHI and the impacts it can have. Readers will be empowered to work within a set of guidelines that enable direct comparison of UHI effects across diverse settings, while informing a wide range of climate mitigatio...