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Explanation in the Special Sciences
Biology and history are often viewed as closely related disciplines, with biology informed by history, especially in its task of charting our evolutionary past. Maximizing the opportunities for cross-fertilization in these two fields requires an accurate reckoning of their commonalities and differences—precisely what this volume sets out to achieve. Specially commissioned essays by a team of recognized international researchers cover the full panoply of topics in these fields and include notable contributions on the correlativity of evolutionary and historical explanations, applying to history the latest causal-mechanical approach in the philosophy of biology, and the question of generaliz...
A Minimal Metaphysics for Scientific Practice
Provides a minimal metaphysics for scientific practice, yielding new accounts of lawhood, causation and reduction.
The New Mechanical Philosophy
This volume argues for a new image of science that understands both natural and social phenomena to be the product of mechanisms, casting the work of science as an effort to understand those mechanisms. Glennan offers an account of the nature of mechanisms and of the models used to represent them in physical, life, and social sciences.
Plural Pasts
What is history about? This Element shows that answers centred on the keyword 'past events' are incomplete, even if they are not simply wrong. Interweaving theoretical and historical perspectives, it provides an abstract overview of the thematic plurality that characterizes contemporary academic historiography. The reflection on different sorts of pasts that can be at focus in historical research and writing encompasses events as well as non-events, especially recursive social structures and cultural webs. Some consequences of such plurality for discussions concerning historical methodology, explanation, exemplification, and representation are also outlined. The basic message, reinforced throughout, is that the great relevance of non-event-centred approaches should prompt us to talk more about “histories” in the plural and less about “history” in the singular.
The Philosophy of Philip Kitcher
'The Philosophy of Philip Kitcher' includes 11 chapters on the work of Kitcher. The chapters are written by leading scholars in their field: Nancy Cartwright and Alexandre Marcellesi, Lorraine Daston, Daniel Dennett, John Dupré, Paul E. Griffiths, Michela Massimi, Karen Neander, Gideon Rosen, Michael Smith, Michael Strevens, and Jim Woodward. The contributors raise critical issues about various aspects of Kitcher's work, and each chapter is followed by a reply from Kitcher.
The Oxford Handbook of Max Weber
Active at the time when the social sciences were founded, Max Weber's social theory contributed significantly to a wide range of fields and disciplines. Considering his prominence, it makes sense to take stock of the Weberian heritage and to explore the ways in which Weber's work and ideas have contributed to our understanding of the modern world. Using his work as a point of departure, The Oxford Handbook of Max Weber investigates the Weberian legacy today, identifying the enduring problems and themes associated with his thought that have contemporary significance: the nature of modern capitalism, neo-liberal global economic policy, nationalism, religion and secularization, threats to legal...
Geschichtswissenschaften, Sozialontologie und Sozialtheorie
Daniel Plenge bietet Ansätze einer historisch orientierten und zugleich systematischen Integration der heterogenen Praxis der Geschichtswissenschaften und der Tradition der analytischen Philosophie der Geschichte auf der Basis der allgemeinen Hermeneutik und des philosophischen Systemismus. Erstmals werden Ansätze einer Wissenschaftstheorie der Geschichtswissenschaften präsentiert, die zugleich klassische Probleme der Philosophie und der Sozialtheorie behandelt, historisch einordnet und im Austausch mit Forschungspraxis klärt. So wird gezeigt, dass alle Sozialwissenschaftler ihre Gegenstände durch Beschreibungen von Relationen verstehen wollen, aber unklar bleibt, welche Gegenstände und Relationen das sind. Diesbezüglich wird das Klärungspotential der philosophischen Systemik in Konfrontation mit erklärender Sozialtheorie verdeutlicht.
Metaphysics of Science
Metaphysics and science have a long but troubled relationship. In the twentieth century the Logical Positivists argued metaphysics was irrelevant and that philosophy should be guided by science. However, metaphysics and science attempt to answer many of the same, fundamental questions: What are laws of nature? What is causation? What are natural kinds? In this book, Markus Schrenk examines and explains the central questions and problems in the metaphysics of science. He reviews the development of the field from the early modern period through to the latest research, systematically assessing key topics including: dispositions counterfactual conditionals laws of nature causation properties natural kinds essence necessity. With the addition of chapter summaries and annotated further reading, Metaphysics of Science is a much-needed, clear and informative survey of this exciting area of philosophical research. It is essential reading for students and scholars of philosophy of science and metaphysics.
