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Grover's quantum search algorithm is an important landmark discovery in the area of quantum computing that drives a quantum computer from a known initial state(source state) to an unknown final state(target state) by using selective phase inversions of these states. The algorithm is simply a successive iteration of the Grover's search operator, which is a product of selective inversion operators of source and target states. In its original form, Grover's operator performs the selective inversions only on a unique source state and a unique target state. In the generalized version, we make our search operator to perform selective inversions on more than one source and target states. First, we find that the case of selective inversions of two source and two target states can be easily analysed somewhat similar to the case of Grover's algorithm. But unlike Grover's operator, the selective inversions of three source and three target states is not so easy to study analytically and hence we perform numerical calculations on some specific cases. We find that these generalized search operators also give us a successful quantum search as expected.
This publication comes with computer software and presents a comprehensive simulation model designed to predict the hydrologic response, including potential for surface and groundwater contamination, of alternative crop-management systems. It simulates crop development and the movement of water, nutrients and pesticides over and through the root zone for a representative unit area of an agricultural field over multiple years. The model allows simulation of a wide spectrum of management practices and scenarios with special features such as the rapid transport of surface-applied chemicals through macropores to deeper depths and the preferential transport of chemicals within the soil matrix via mobile-immobile zones. The transfer of surface-applied chemicals (pesticides in particular) to runoff water is also an important component.
The LNCS volume constitutes the refereed proceedings of 10th International Conference, PReMI 2023, in Kolkata, India, in December 2023. The 91 full papers, presented together with abstracts of 6 keynote and invited talks, were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 300 submissions. The conference presents topics covering different aspects of pattern recognition and machine intelligence with real life state-of-the-art applications.
The book is a collection of best selected research papers presented at International Conference on Network Security and Blockchain Technology (ICNSBT 2021), organized by Computer Society of India—Kolkata Chapter, India, during December 2–4, 2021. The book discusses recent developments and contemporary research in cryptography, network security, cyber security, and blockchain technology. Authors are eminent academicians, scientists, researchers, and scholars in their respective fields from across the world.
The International Conference on Security, Surveillance & Artificial Intelligence (ICSSAI2023) was held in West Bengal, India during December 1–2, 2023. The conference was organized by the Techno India University, one of the renowned universities in the state of West Bengal which is committed for generating, disseminating and preserving knowledge.
This book comprises the proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of Transportation Research Group of India (CTRG2021) focusing on emerging opportunities and challenges in the field of transportation of people and freight. The contents of the volume include recent advancements in the pavements and materials study like Fatigue damage, Moisture damage prediction, Quantification of Aging of Polymer, and Effect of short-term aging. It also covers rapidly evolving topics like Road network analysis, Location choice analysis for Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), Transit ridership, etc. This book will be beneficial to researchers, educators, practitioners, and policymakers alike.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Security, Privacy, and Applied Cryptography Engineering, SPACE 2020, held in Kolkata, India, in December 2020. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, the conference was held virtual. The 13 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 48submissions. This annual event is devoted to various aspects of security, privacy, applied cryptography, and cryptographic engineering. This is a very challenging field, requiring the expertise from diverse domains, ranging from mathematics to solid-state circuit design.
This book provides innovative ideas on achieving sustainable development and using green technologies to conserve our ecosystem. Innovation is the successful exploitation of a new idea. Through innovation, we can achieve MORE while using LESS. Innovations in science & technology will not only help mankind as a whole, but also contribute to the economic growth of individual countries. It is essential that the global problem of environmental degradation be addressed immediately, and thus, we need to rethink the concept of sustainable development. Indeed, new environmentally friendly technologies are fundamental to attaining sustainable development. The book shares a wealth of innovative green ...