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Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: new therapeutic interventions
Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus (DM), is a disease that occurs when the glucose level in the blood becomes too high (hyperglycaemia). Chronic hyperglycaemia is accompanied by both biochemical and pathological complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. Diabetes mellitus can be classified into two types: type I which results from the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to insulin insufficiency and type II diabetes mellitus, which is mainly related to insulin resistance. Optimal control of blood glucose levels remains the cornerstone of managing DM. To date, the major classes of antidiabetic medications used to treat diabetes include: biguanides, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT2) inhibitors, α-glucosidase inhibitors, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and the various types of insulin. Several of these drugs may have, besides their antidiabetic properties, also important cardiovascular complications for the patients taking them.
Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors, Diagnosis, and Applications
Due to their unique chemical structures and a wide range of biological activities, plenty of nanomaterials based on organic, inorganic, and hybrid compounds have attracted the extensive attention of scientists and made a great contribution to the development of biosensors, diagnosis, and their applications over the past few decades. These kinds of nanomaterials can be utilized as immobilization platforms, optical probes, or (photo)electroactive labels to improve the performance of (bio)sensing devices with higher sensitivity, stability, and selectivity, which undoubtedly revolutionize the way that traditional health monitoring, food safety, environmental research, even emergency security protection are performed.
In Search of the Folk Daoists of North China
The living practice of Daoist ritual is still only a small part of Daoist studies. Most of this work focuses on the southeast, with the vast area of north China often assumed to be a tabula rasa for local lay liturgical traditions. This book, based on fieldwork, challenges this assumption. With case studies on parts of Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces, Stephen Jones describes ritual sequences within funerals and temple fairs, offering details on occupational hereditary lay Daoists, temple-dwelling priests, and even amateur ritual groups. Stressing performance, Jones observes the changing ritual scene in this poor countryside, both since the 1980s and through all the tribulations o...
Applied Mathematics, Modeling and Computer Simulation
Applied mathematics, together with modeling and computer simulation, is central to engineering and computer science and remains intrinsically important in all aspects of modern technology. This book presents the proceedings of AMMCS 2022, the 2nd International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modeling and Computer Simulation, held in Wuhan, China, on 13 and 14 August 2022, with online presentations available for those not able to attend in person due to continuing pandemic restrictions. The conference served as an open forum for the sharing and spreading of the newest ideas and latest research findings among all those involved in any aspect of applied mathematics, modeling and computer sim...
Dynamic and Precise Engineering Surveying
Driven by the increasingly expanding needs of infrastructure construction, operation and maintenance, as well as the rapid developments of intelligent sensing and information technology, precise engineering surveying has been transformed from static, discrete, and manual into dynamic, continuous, and intelligent ways. This transformation leads to an advanced multidisciplinary field, dynamic and precise engineering surveying, on which the author has worked for over two decades. This book systematically summarizes the fundamentals, methods, and applications in dynamic and precise engineering surveying. The contents mainly include two parts: the first part introduces principles and methods of d...
2011 International Conference in Electrics, Communication and Automatic Control Proceedings
2011 International Conference in Electrics, Communication and Automatic Control Proceedings examines state-of-art and advances in Electrics, Communication and Automatic Control. This book presents developments in Power Conversion, Signal and image processing, Image & video Signal Processing. The conference brings together researchers, engineers, academic as well as industrial professionals from all over the world to promote the developments of Electrics, Communication and Automatic Control.
Materials Science and Information Technology II
The peer-reviewed papers brought together, in this special issue of Solid State Phenomena, are the outcome of the 16th International Conference on Internal Friction and Mechanical Spectroscopy, ICIFMS-16, held on the 3rd to 8th July 2011, in Lausanne, Switzerland. These proceedings aim to attract newcomers to this exciting field of research and lead them to appreciate the potential of anelastic methodologies in the investigation of advanced materials and new phenomena. Scientist who are already involved in the field will also find within new ideas which will stimulate their interest in developing new experiments and theories.
