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Empowering Small Enterprises in Zimbabwe
IFC Lessons of Experience Series No. 5. The project experience accumulated by the International Finance Corporation (IFC) provides a basis for analyzing the way in which the investment framework has changed over time in developing countries and the implications for the success and efficiency of foreign direct investment (FDI) ventures. This report discusses the growth of FDI in the world economy and its role in emerging markets, describes the role of IFC in providing policy advice related to FDI (and the IFC's experience as an investor alongside FDI in developing countries), and draws lessons for how to structure FDI projects and policies to attract such investments. Annexes present and describe global FDI flows, FDI projects involving IFC investment and FIAS advisory assignments, and FDI projects examined in preparing this study. Also available: French (0-8213-4212-6) Stock No. 14212; Spanish (0-8213-4213-4) Stock No. 14213.
Financial Incentives for Renewable Energy Development
The World Bank is providing assistance to the Government of China to help develop recommendations for changes to China's present system of financial incentives for commercial renewable energy development. This book reports on a Bank workshop that examined international experience with financial incentives for grid-connected wind power systems and off-grid photovoltaic systems in the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, the United States (California), India, and China. The collective experiences of the countries were further examined to indicate other directions for developing financial incentives for market-based renewable energy development, as well as the underlying reasons for these tendencies.
Hungary
Modernisation of the public sector, reforming intergovernmental fiscal relations, enhancing the local capacity to implement local strategies, and developing the legislative and institutional framework for efficient delivery of public services are among the biggest challenges in transition economies. Hungary has been a pioneer in local government reform and the Hungary Subnational Development Program (SNDP) proves the value of an integrated approach.
Making the Transition Work for Women in Europe and Central Asia
Women in the Europe and Central Asia region complain about loss of employment, sexual harassment, violence, poor enforcement of the law, poor political representation, and poor health care. Many greet these complaints with skepticism or dismissal. Is it economic expedience due to the sheer magnitude of the changes taking place under the transition? Did the Soviet legacy delude observers into believing that there is gender equality in the region? While budgets shrink, how can gender be integrated into country department work programs? To answer these and other pressing questions regarding the gender issue, the World Bank held a conference in June 1999. Women from the ECA region, Western Europ...
Kyrgyz Republic
Accelerating agricultural growth and alleviating rural poverty are clearly the main development challenges facing the policymakers in the Kyrgyz Republic. This report examines the current state of Kyrgyz agriculture and the status of agricultural policy reform program during its transition to a market economy. It outlines a rural development strategy that, if properly implemented, is designed to promote agricultural growth, alleviate rural poverty, and improve natural resource management. The strategy includes: deepening policy reforms; increasing public investment; promoting institutional development; and strengthening the information base.
Economic Growth with Equity
"Ukraine's economy has been slipping backwards for nearly a decade, resulting in a significant fall in the living standards of the Ukrainian people. Putting Ukraine back on the path to prosperity will require policy makers to stop letting economic crises dictate the policy agenda. Short-term problems need to be dealt with in the context of a longer-term strategy." What strategy should Ukraine follow? This report identifies and evaluates three alternatives, all of which are under active consideration today as Ukraine considers what to do after ten years of halting reforms and economic decline. 'Economic Growth with Equity' evaluates each strategy in terms of its probable impact on fiscal balances, inflation, the current account deficit, economic growth, employment, and equity. The report makes recommendations on the best strategy to help Ukraine achieve its potential and recover from the present depression.
Ghana
"Ghana is an extremely diverse country-ethnically, culturally, ecologically, and economically. Women and men play different roles, undertake different activities, and face different constraints. Gender-based differences in their activities and practices result from... existing gender inequalities. Because these gender differences are often fundamental to men and women's livelihoods, understanding them is essential to designing policies and projects that will effectively reduce gender inequalities and promote sustainable development." A growing body of literature indicates that reducing gender inequalities and increasing women's access to productive resources greatly improves both welfare and...
Choices in Financing Health Care and Old Age Security
In November 1997 the World Bank and Singapore's Institute of Policy Studies sponsored a conference, "Financing Health Care and Old Age Security", to assess and identify potential solutions to these concerns. It addressed a topic of concern to nearly every country, developing and industrial, that is, how to deal with the implications of financing medical care and income security for rapidly aging populations. The issues identified and the solutions proposed can provide insight and guidance for policymakers, researchers, and others interested in addressing these challenges now. Of special interest are the contributors' analyses of Singapore's unique, integrated approach to managing social risk, which is based on mandatory individual savings accounts.
The World Bank Research Program, 1998
The four basic objectives of the World Bank's research program are:broadening understanding of development; assisting in developing research capacity in member countries; improving the Bank's capacity in advising members; and supporting all aspects of its own operations. The report is the annual compendium of current Bank research. The abstracts in this volume report on research projects within FY98, describing questions addressed , analytical methods used, findings to date, and policy implications. In addition, each abstract identifies the expected completion date and the research team, as well as any report or publication produced. The abstracts cover 193 research projects grouped under ni...
Health Care in Uganda
"The government of Uganda faces a multitude of challenges in the health care arena, from ensuring that health care services are delivered in the most equitable manner, to structuring the health care delivery system to be most effective, to waging campaigns against the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. The government needs the best information available on existing conditions, in order to devise strategies to successfully meet these challenges." This technical paper summarizes the results of three research efforts concerning current health care issues in Uganda. Its purpose is to summarize key actions and identify new challenges. In Part I, "Equity of Access to Health Services in Uga...
