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Digital Innovation and the Future of Work
The concept of digitalization captures the widespread adoption of digital technologies in our lives, in the structure and functioning of organizations and in the transformation of our economy and society. Digital technologies for data processing and communication underly high-impact innovations including the Internet of Things, wireless multimedia, artificial intelligence, big data, enterprise platforms, social networks and blockchain. These digital innovations not only bring new opportunities for prosperity and wellbeing but also affect our behaviors, activities, and daily lives. They enable and shape new forms of production and new working practices in sectors such as manufacturing, health...
How Computerisation is Transforming Jobs
This paper investigates changes in the task content, methods and tools of European jobs from 1995 to 2015. Drawing on the taxonomy of tasks proposed by Bisello and Fernández-Macías (2016), this work tries to better understand whether changes in the average intensity of tasks performance are the result of changes in the shares of employment across jobs, or changes in the task content within-jobs, or both. The main findings from a combined analysis of the European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) and European Jobs monitor data (EJM) suggest that jobs with more social task content expanded relative to the rest, but this is in contrast with a decline in the amount of social tasks people actually do in those (and other) jobs over the same period. A similar contradictory trend can be observed in terms of routine tasks, with compositional and intrinsic changes going in opposite directions: an actual increase in the total levels of routine at work is recorded, notwithstanding marginal compositional declines. The implications of these findings in the context of the current debate on the impact of technological change on employment are discussed.
What Just Happened?
The COVID-19 pandemic closed or limited many economic activities in 2020, with far-reaching impacts on the labour market. Employment losses at the outset of the pandemic were sharper than those experienced during the global financial crisis. Even greater declines in hours worked arose as a result of the widespread state-supported furloughing of workers. The physical distancing policies of governments led to another significant and largely ad hoc adjustment - the shift to mass remote working for those workers whose jobs allowed it. This report describes the employment and working time developments by sector and occupation through the first year of the crisis. It explores which categories of workers were most affected - primarily temporary workers, the young and low-paid women. It also assesses the extent to which remote working served as a buffer during the crisis, preserving jobs that might otherwise have been lost.
Social Computing and Social Media. Technologies and Analytics
The two volumes set LNCS 10913-10914 of SCSM 2018 constitutes the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Social Computing and Social Media, SCSM 2018, held as part of the International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2018, held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, in July 2018. The total of 1171 papers and 160 posters presented at the 14 colocated HCII 2018 conferences. The papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 4346 submissions. These papers which are organized in the following topical sections: social media user experience, individual and social behavior in Social Media, privavcy and ethical issues in Social Media, motivation and gamification in Social Media, social network analysis, and agents, models and algorithms in Social Media.
Social Computing and Social Media. User Experience and Behavior
The two volumes set LNCS 10913-10914 of SCSM 2018 constitutes the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Social Computing and Social Media, SCSM 2018, held as part of the International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2018, held in Las Vegas, NV, USA, in July 2018. The total of 1171 papers and 160 posters presented at the 14 colocated HCII 2018 conferences. The papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 4346 submissions. These papers which are organized in the following topical sections: social media user experience, individual and social behavior in Social Media, privavcy and ethical issues in Social Media, motivation and gamification in Social Media, social network analysis, and agents, models and algorithms in Social Media.
ERM Annual Report 2016
The 2016 annual report from the European Restructuring Monitor (ERM) provides evidence of the employment impact of recent restructuring activity in Europe based on the European Union Labour Force Survey (EU-LFS) and the ERM events database. The thematic part of this year’s report centres on trends in both the offshoring and reshoring activity of companies in Europe, with a focus on the manufacturing sector. ERM data indicates that offshoring has never been a large source of job loss in Europe, and the analysis finds that offshoring started to decline after the global financial crisis and has yet to recover. It also finds that offshoring has increased in eastern Europe while it has declined in western Europe. Evidence of reshoring is limited; what evidence exists suggests that it is a relatively minor phenomenon.
