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Weight Control and Physical Activity
Avoiding overweight and obesity is the best-established diet-related risk factor for cancer. The proportion of people who are overweight/obese is increasing, and the amount of physical activity is decreasing in most populations, including urban populations in many developing countries. The increasing prevalence of overweight/obesity is presumably due to the increasing availability of highly palatable, high-energy foods, and an increasing sedentary lifestyle due to mechanisation of both workplace and leisure activities. Overweight/obesity and reduced physical activity increases the risk of cancers in various organs. Maintaining a healthy body weight and regular physical activity is the second most important way to prevent cancer, after tobacco control. The suggestions of possible public health actions to tackle these risk factors include the promotion of balanced diets, which are not excessive in energy, and broad education and planning to enable and encourage physical activity during work and leisure. Recommendations and a full discussion of these topics are included in the sixth volume in this series of Handbooks.
Fruit and Vegetables
This handbook shows that approximately one in ten cancers in western populations is due to an insufficient intake of fruit and vegetables, a finding that should encourage all organizations as well as governments to continue efforts to increase or maintain fruit and vegetable intake as an important objective of programs to improve nutrition to reduce the burden of cancer and other chronic diseases. The clearest evidence of a cancer-protective effect of eating more fruits is for stomach and esophageal cancers. Similarly, a higher intake of vegetables probably reduces the incidence of cancer of esophagus and colon-rectum. Fruit and vegetables contain many nutrients; they also contain other bioactive compounds that may influence many aspects of human biology and related disease processes.
Public Health Nutrition
This foundational textbook provides a thorough understanding of the role of nutrition in public health in communities around the world. Nutrition is a fundamental building block for optimal health. In this essential textbook, Jessica Jones-Smith presents readers with a balanced introduction to the field of public health nutrition. Examining common nutrition-related problems in both high- and low-income countries, Jones-Smith allows students to draw connections between the principles and realities of public health nutrition. She also describes the fundamental tools of public health nutrition, from nutrition assessment to program monitoring and evaluation, as well as current and future solutio...
Design Studies
In an age of globalization and connectivity, the idea of "mainstream culture" has become quaint. Websites, magazines, books, and television have all honed in on ever-diversifying subcultures, hoping to carve out niche audiences that grow savvier and more narrowly sliced by the day. Consequently, the discipline of graphic design has undergone a sea change. Where visual communication was once informed by a designer's creative intuition, the proliferation of specialized audiences now calls for more research-based design processes. Designers who ignore research run the risk of becoming mere tools for communication rather than bold voices. Design Studies, a collection of 27 essays from an interna...
Diet, Nutrition, and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases
Trends such as shifting dietary patterns and an increasingly sedentary lifestyle combined with smoking and alcohol consumption are major risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and stroke, cancer dental diseases and osteoporosis. This report reviews the scientific evidence on the effects of diet, nutrition and physical activity on chronic diseases and makes recommendations for public health policies and programmes. Issues considered include the macro-economic implications of public health on agriculture and the global supply and demand for fresh and processed foods.
Manipal Interdisciplinary Health Science and Technical Reports-2023
The “Manipal Interdisciplinary Health Science and Technical Reports-2023” is a comprehensive compilation of cutting-edge research and innovative findings across the fields of health sciences and technology. This edition presents a diverse array of studies conducted by experts at Manipal Academy of Higher Education, showcasing advancements in medical research, biotechnology, healthcare innovations, and technical applications. Each report within this volume highlights interdisciplinary approaches and collaborative efforts aimed at addressing some of the most pressing challenges in health and technology today. Ideal for researchers, practitioners, and students, this collection serves as a valuable resource for those seeking to stay at the forefront of scientific and technical progress.
The Invisible Camorra
The organized crime group that dominates much of the socioeconomic life of contemporary Naples, the Camorra, is organized by kin and geography, and it is notoriously the most violent, fractious, and disorganized mafia in Italy. The Camorra controls local extortion rackets, the drug and counterfeit trades, and other legal and illicit activities as well as wielding substantial political influence throughout Naples and its environs. Felia Allum has been researching the Camorra for twenty years, and in The Invisible Camorra she reveals a surprising alteration in Camorra behavior when operatives live outside the Neapolitan base. When gang members move away from Naples, having been forced out by i...
Thinking Impossibilities
Intellectuals rarely make a significant impact on one field of scholarship let alone several, yet Amos Funkenstein (1937-1995) displayed an intellectual range that encompassed several disciplines and broke new ground across seemingly impenetrable scholarly boundaries. The philosophy of history from antiquity to modernity, medieval and early modern history of science, medieval scholasticism, Jewish history in all of its periods - these are all areas in which he made lasting contributions. Thinking Impossibilities brings together Funkenstein's colleagues, friends, and former students to engage with important aspects of his intellectual legacy. Funkenstein's diverse interests were bound togethe...
Breast Cancer Screening
Breast cancer is the leading site of new cancer cases in women. Breast cancer detection is currently primarily based on physical examination by health care professionals, chance findings by women, breast self-examination and mammography used for diagnosis or for routine screening. Early enough detection through mass screening with mammography has been introduced in many countries in the hope that early intervention would lead to reduced mortality and less aggressive treatment. The aim of this publication is to provide an independent, authoritative review of the evidence of the efficacy and effectiveness of breast cancer screening. This will be of value to governments, public health officials and others concerned with policy recommendations for cancer control.
