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Invading Colombia
In early April 1536, Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada led a military expedition from the coastal city of Santa Marta deep into the interior of what is today modern Colombia. With roughly eight hundred Spaniards and numerous native carriers and black slaves, the Jiménez expedition was larger than the combined forces under Hernando Cortés and Francisco Pizarro. Over the course of the one-year campaign, nearly three-quarters of Jiménez’s men perished, most from illness and hunger. Yet, for the 179 survivors, the expedition proved to be one of the most profitable campaigns of the sixteenth century. Unfortunately, the history of the Spanish conquest of Colombia remains virtually unknown. Through ...
Passenger and Immigration Lists Index
Main entries in Passenger and Immigration Lists Index provide information including name and age of immigrant; year and place of arrival, naturalization, or other records which indicates person indexed is an immigrant; code indicating the source indexed and the page number in the source which contains the record; and the names of all listed family members together with their age and relationship to the main entry.
Volatile Social Movements and the Origins of Terrorism
Although many scholars have studied terrorism, few scholars have ever studied terrorism from the aspect of its initial origins in social movements. Not only is research concerning this phenomenon outdated, but there has also been no consensus as to what causes terrorism. Many contemporary terrorist organizations were once social movements that formed for a specific purpose using nonviolent tactics to accomplish their agenda. Eventually, terrorist tactics became the method of choice for these once peaceful social movements. Volatile Social Movements and the Origins of Terrorism: The Radicalization of Change, by Christine Sixta Rinehart, focuses on why this transition occurred; why did a peace...
The Encomenderos of New Spain, 1521-1555
While the Spanish conquistadors have been stereotyped as rapacious treasure seekers, many firstcomers to the New World realized that its greatest wealth lay in the native populations whose labor could be harnessed to build a new Spain. Hence, the early arrivals in Mexico sought encomiendas—"a grant of the Indians of a prescribed indigenous polity, who were to provide the grantee (the encomendero) tribute in the form of commoditiesand service in return for protection and religious instruction." This study profiles the 506 known encomenderos in New Spain (present-day Mexico) during the years 1521-1555, using their life histories to chart the rise, florescence, and decline of the encomienda system. The first part draws general conclusions about the actual workings of the encomienda system. The second part provides concise biographies of the encomenderos themselves.
Investigaciones en gestión del riesgo de desastres para Colombia: Avances, perspectivas y casos de estudio
La Unidad Nacional para la Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres (UNGRD) a través de la Comisión Nacional Asesora de Investigación en Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres en cumplimiento de la misionalidad, de los planes y la agenda internacional, presentan el: Libro de Investigaciones en Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres para Colombia, el cual recopila avances, perspectivas y casos de estudio; reconociendo la importancia de las investigaciones. Esta publicación desarrolla capítulos relacionados con: ingeniería sísmica, fenómenos hidrometeorológicos, análisis y evaluación del riesgo, reducción del riesgo, aspectos históricos, educación del riesgo, comunicación del riesgo y casos de estudio; permitiendo presentar al público en general las investigaciones actuales en materia de gestión del riesgo de desastres, puntos clave y recomendaciones, el cual es el inicio de diferentes publicaciones divulgativas en conocimiento del riesgo, que muestran los aportes de la academia, entidades técnico-científicas y otros actores del SNGRD.
Physical Activity and Bariatric Surgery
Hypocaloric diet and physical exercise are the first therapeutic steps in the treatment of obesity. In morbidly obese patients, physical activity is essential to optimise their preparation for bariatric surgery. But physical activity is essential even after surgery, to avoid loss of muscle mass and the deriving complications. The aim of this book is to present the most current evidence of the effect different physical activity programs on morbidly obese patients before and after bariatric surgery. Written by experts in the field, the book will be a useful tool for all health professionals interested in learning more on this disabling condition.
