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This book covers the present and future of bioethanol biorefinery technologies. It discusses the efficient use of feedstock in bioethanol production, and critically reviews the environmental sustainability of bioethanol production. In addition, it describes the integrated production of bioelectricity, biopolymers, organic acids, and other biomolecules, as well as the use of process-related liquid and solid byproducts and/or wastes during bioethanol generation. Since the bioethanol industry has also led the automotive industry to explore new avenues, this book summarizes the various aspects of ethanol motorization, hybrid engine development, and biofuel electrification. For decades, clean and...
This book reviews the current state of knowledge concerning cacao pathogens and methods for their management. Topics discussed include the history, biology and genetic diversity of Moniliophthora species (which cause witches’ broom and frosty pod rot) and Phytophthora species (which cause black pod rot) that cause diseases resulting in major losses to cacao production. Emerging pathogens such as Cacao swollen shoot virus and Ceratobasidium theobromae (which causes vascular streak dieback) are also discussed in detail, along with many pathogens of significant local concern. Most of these pathogens represent major risks to global cacao production should they expand into new areas, breaking o...
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Este livro apresenta informações sobre a saga brasileira de produção e uso de etanol veicular. Foi realizado em comemoração aos 40 anos do lançamento do Proálcool, que aconteceu em novembro de 1975. Os autores destacam os fatos mais relevantes dessa trajetória, sobretudo do ponto de vista dos avanços da ciência e da tecnologia do etanol de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil e das relações entre a pesquisa realizada pelos setores privado e público. O livro inicia com um breve relato da evolução da cana e do açúcar no Brasil colônia e trata do uso do etanol como combustível no século XX, das dificuldades técnicas e políticas decorrentes dessa opção energética e, mais recentem...
Do ponto de vista historiográfico e metodológico, a maior contribuição do livro é a capacidade dos autores de concatenar diferentes sujeitos e territórios na longa duração, estabelecendo fluxos geracionais, identificando influências intelectuais, mapeando genealogias e trajetórias, conectando diferentes tempos e espaços em torno de uma doença – a leishmaniose –, fazendo confluir múltiplos e independentes canais de energia criativa, digamos assim, para uma espécie de ponto de fuga. Ao mesmo tempo em que caracterizam uma comunidade epistêmica, tecem narrativas paralelas, tal como um argumento que se desenvolve em camadas. Por exemplo, esmiuçam as controvérsias científicas...
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This book focuses on the different kinds of biofuels and biofuel resources. Biofuels represent a major type of renewable energy. As part of a larger bio-economy, they are closely linked to agriculture, forestry and manufacturing. Biofuels have the potential to improve regional energy access, reduce dependence on fossil fuels and contribute to climate protection. Further, this alternative form of energy could revitalize the forestry and agricultural sector and promote the increased use of renewable resources as raw materials in a range of industrial processes. Efforts are continuously being made to develop economically competitive biofuels, and microbes play important roles in the production ...
Forest trees cover 30% of the earth's land surface, providing renewable fuel, wood, timber, shelter, fruits, leaves, bark, roots, and are source of medicinal products in addition to benefits such as carbon sequestration, water shed protection, and habitat for 1/3 of terrestrial species. However, the genetic analysis and breeding of trees has lagged behind that of crop plants. Therefore, systematic conservation, sustainable improvement and pragmatic utilization of trees are global priorities. This book provides comprehensive and up to date information about tree characterization, biological understanding, and improvement through biotechnological and molecular tools.