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The Myth of the Medieval Jewish Moneylender
This book challenges a common historical narrative, which portrays medieval Jews as moneylenders who filled an essential economic role in Europe. It traces how and why this narrative was constructed as a philosemitic narrative in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in response to the rise of political antisemitism. This book also documents why it is a myth for medieval Europe, and illuminates how changes in Jewish history change our understanding of European history. Each chapter offers a novel interpretation of central topics, such as the usury debate, commercial contracts, and moral literature on money and value to demonstrate how the revision of Jewish history leads to new insights in European history.
Human Dignity and Human Cloning
"Human Dignity and Human Cloning" contains contributions by philosophers, theologians and lawyers on legal and ethical questions concerning the reproductive and therapeutic cloning of human beings. The main focus lies on the admissibility of cloning in German Constitutional law as well as in public international law. As these legal questions cannot be answered without taking account of the ethical discussion, the topic is analyzed from different cultural and religious viewpoints.
Jewish Ethics and the Care of End-of-life Patients
Determined by laws, still allows for many different--and sometimes mutually contradictory--viewpoints. For professionals, religious leaders, and the general public. Annotation ©2006 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
The Global Administrative Law of Science
We live in a world of science. Yet this is impossible without a legally guaranteed freedom to practise it. Findings with regard to the elements of such freedom can be deduced from an analysis of international and domestic provisions and principles. There are a plethora of international institutions, legal rules and global norms for the purpose of the international governance of science. The institutions and rules are to be interpreted in light of this freedom to guarantee the continuous existence of the knowledge-based society by means of a global administrative law of science. These aspects were analysed in a research project funded by the German Research Foundation. The book’s purpose is to present the jurisprudential results. In addition, empirical results are collected in a freely available database. The study is composed of 5 parts: The Concept of Science/Global Administrative Law/Constitutional Basis: The Freedom of Science/Institutional Design/Governance Mechanisms.
Plea Bargaining in National and International Law
The book sets out in-depth studies of consensual case dispositions in the UK, examining how plea bargaining has developed and spread in England and Wales. It also goes on to discusses in detail the problems that this practise poses for the rule of law by avoiding procedural safe-guards. The book draws on empirical research in its examination of the absence of informal settlements in the former GDR, offering a unique insight into criminal procedure in a socialist legal system that has been little studied.
Subject Properties in Early Modern Germanic Languages
This monograph is devoted to the cross-linguistic profile of subjects in Early Modern Germanic languages. The typologically complex question of subject criteria is addressed in a functional framework relying on recent developments in Construction Grammar. The set of data is extracted from a parallel corpus made up of the 1587 German chapbook about the life of Dr. Faustus and its English, Dutch and Danish translations, all of which had been published by 1592. At that time, the syntactic features of English subjects were still comparable to Continental languages like Danish, facilitating the inclusion of English in a cross-Germanic analysis. The analysis makes use of two comparative concepts of subjecthood; argumental subjecthood, centred on the argument-structural characteristics of subjects, and informational subjecthood, which corresponds to the syntacticization of information-structural properties. Subjecthood is defined as a labile multi-level configuration of argumental and informational parameters. This approach sheds new light on notorious tricks of Germanic syntax such as oblique subjects, expletives, scrambling and subjectless passives.
Certainty in Law
Instead of the usual apologetic treatment found in legal doctrine, linked to the determinacy, immutability or predictability of norms, this book treats legal certainty innovatively, holistically and in depth. Using a method at once analytical and functional, Professor Ávila examines the structural elements of legal certainty, from its definition and foundations to its various dimensions, normative forces and efficacies, citing a wealth of examples from case law to support each of the theses defended. No subject is more important and topical than legal certainty. Problems relating to lack of understanding, instability and unpredictability of law intensify day by day everywhere, in civil law ...
The Sports Doping Market
This book examines sports doping from production and distribution, detection and punishment. Detailing the daily operations of the trade and its gray area as a semi-legal market, the authors cover important issues ranging from athletes most at risk to the role of organized crime in sports doping, and whether sports governing bodies are enabling the trade. Challenges for law enforcement and legislation, and efforts to control PED use in the worldwide sports community and among aspiring athletes, are also discussed in depth. The book's extensive research:• Estimates the demand for performance-enhancing products. • Traces the route from legal substances to illegal uses. • Identifies...
Unfit To Fly: Andreas Lubitz
Declared unfit to fly, Andreas Lubitz' doctor did not notify authorities. The co-pilot tore up the sick note and reported for work. Then he locked the pilot out of the cabin, and drove the plane at 700mph into the alps, killing himself and 149 others aboard instantly. What evil possessed him to do such an horrific thing? Men, women and little children forced to accompany him on his suicide mission?! For five whole torturous minutes the passengers aboard Flight 9525 screamed in terror as the plane went down. Why did he do it? Those were the questions on everyone's lips when Andreas Lubitz drove the Germanwings A320 Airbus he was co-piloting into the France Alps. The plane hit with such force that bodies, shattered into pieces and scattered over the craggy terrain, made recovery enormously hazardous. DNA was used to piece together bodies for relatives to claim. This forensic numerological criminal profile of Andreas Gunter Lubitz gives an insight into the man who committed this Kamikaze carnage.
