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Medical Missionaries and Colonial Knowledge in West Africa and Europe, 1885-1914
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 462

Medical Missionaries and Colonial Knowledge in West Africa and Europe, 1885-1914

This open access book offers an entangled history of hygiene by showing how knowledge of purity, health and cleanliness was shaped by evangelical medical missionaries and their encounters with people in West Africa. By tracing the interactions and negotiations of six Basel Mission doctors, who practised on the Gold Coast and in Cameroon from 1885 to 1914, the author demonstrates how notions of religious purity, scientific health and colonial cleanliness came together in the making of hygiene during the age of High Imperialism. The heyday of evangelical medical missions abroad coincided with the emergence of tropical medicine as a scientific discipline during what became known as the Scramble for Africa. This book reveals that these projects were intertwined and that hygiene played an important role in all three of them. While most historians have examined modern hygiene as a European, bourgeois and scientific phenomenon, the author highlights both the colonial and the religious fabric of hygiene, which continues to shape our understanding of purity, health and cleanliness to this day.

Race and Aesthetics in the anthropology of Petrus Camper (1722-1789)
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 261

Race and Aesthetics in the anthropology of Petrus Camper (1722-1789)

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 1999-01-01
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  • Publisher: BRILL

After the discovery of the anthropoid ape in Asia and in Africa, eighteenth-century Holland became the crossroads of Enlightenment debates about the human species. Material evidence about human diversity reached Petrus Camper, comparative anatomist in the Netherlands, who engaged, among many other interests, in menschkunde. Could only religious doctrine support the belief of human demarcation from animals? Camper resolved the challenges raised by overseas discoveries with his thesis of the facial angle, a theory which succeeding generations distorted and misused in order to justify slavery, racism, antisemitism, and genocide. Thanks to his abundant papers in Dutch archives, Camper's ideas ar...

Diasporic Africa
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 326

Diasporic Africa

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2006
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  • Publisher: NYU Press

Diasporic Africa presents the most recent research on the history and experiences of people of African descent outside of the African continent. By incorporating Europe and North Africa as well as North America, Latin America, and the Caribbean, this reader shifts the discourse on the African diaspora away from its focus solely on the Americas, underscoring the fact that much of the movement of people of African descent took place in Old World contexts. This broader view allows for a more comprehensive approach to the study of the African diaspora. The volume provides an overview of African diaspora studies and features as a major concern a rigorous interrogation of "identity." Other primary themes include contributions to western civilization, from religion, music, and sports to agricultural production and medicine, as well as the way in which our understanding of the African diaspora fits into larger studies of transnational phenomena.

Travel Sketches from Liberia
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 918

Travel Sketches from Liberia

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2012-10-04
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  • Publisher: BRILL

Büttikofer’s Travel Sketches from Liberia details the development of the Liberian nation and the intricate, often volatile, relationships between the country’s indigenous peoples and its black colonists from America. In remarkable detail, it provides vivid images of the country's past.

The European Experience in Slavery, 1650–1850
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 338

The European Experience in Slavery, 1650–1850

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The French Atlantic Triangle
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 589

The French Atlantic Triangle

The French slave trade forced more than one million Africans across the Atlantic to the islands of the Caribbean. It enabled France to establish Saint-Domingue, the single richest colony on earth, and it connected France, Africa, and the Caribbean permanently. Yet the impact of the slave trade on the cultures of France and its colonies has received surprisingly little attention. Until recently, France had not publicly acknowledged its history as a major slave-trading power. The distinguished scholar Christopher L. Miller proposes a thorough assessment of the French slave trade and its cultural ramifications, in a broad, circum-Atlantic inquiry. This magisterial work is the first comprehensiv...

Hiob Ludolf and Johann Michael Wansleben
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 605

Hiob Ludolf and Johann Michael Wansleben

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2023-12-11
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  • Publisher: BRILL

Hiob Ludolf (1624-1704) and Johann Michael Wansleben (1635-1679), the master and his erstwhile student could not be more different. Ludolf was a celebrated member of the Republic of Letters and the towering authority on Ethiopian studies. Wansleben, himself a brilliant scholar and, unlike Ludolf, a seasoned traveller in the Middle East, converted to Catholicism and eventually died impoverished and marginalized. Both stood at the centre of the burgeoning study of Ethiopia and spent a formative part of their career in middle sized Duchy of Saxe-Gotha which for several years played a pivotal role in Ethiopian-European encounters. This volume offers in-depth studies of the remarkable life and work of these two scholars in a broader intellectual, political, and confessional context.

Germany and the Black Diaspora
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 270

Germany and the Black Diaspora

The rich history of encounters prior to World War I between people from German-speaking parts of Europe and people of African descent has gone largely unnoticed in the historical literature—not least because Germany became a nation and engaged in colonization much later than other European nations. This volume presents intersections of Black and German history over eight centuries while mapping continuities and ruptures in Germans' perceptions of Blacks. Juxtaposing these intersections demonstrates that negative German perceptions of Blackness proceeded from nineteenth-century racial theories, and that earlier constructions of “race” were far more differentiated. The contributors present a wide range of Black–German encounters, from representations of Black saints in religious medieval art to Black Hessians fighting in the American Revolutionary War, from Cameroonian children being educated in Germany to African American agriculturalists in Germany's protectorate, Togoland. Each chapter probes individual and collective responses to these intercultural points of contact.

Staging Blackness and Performing Whiteness in Eighteenth-Century German Drama
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 277

Staging Blackness and Performing Whiteness in Eighteenth-Century German Drama

Focusing on eighteenth-century cultural productions, Wendy Sutherland examines how representations of race in philosophy, anthropology, aesthetics, drama, and court painting influenced the construction of a white bourgeois German self. Sutherland positions her work within the framework of the transatlantic slave trade, showing that slavery, colonialism, and the triangular trade between Europe, West Africa, and the Caribbean function as the global stage on which German bourgeois dramas by Friedrich Wilhelm Ziegler, Ernst Lorenz Rathlef, and Theodor Körner (and a novella by Heinrich von Kleist on which Körner's play was based) were performed against a backdrop of philosophical and anthropolo...

Raising Germans in the Age of Empire
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 256

Raising Germans in the Age of Empire

What is the relationship between colonialism and culture? Jeff Bowersox answers this question by looking at how young Germans imagined the wider world around them during the age of high imperialism.