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A South American Interoceanic Network: Bioceanic Corridors and the Role of Connecting States
In recent years, the external sector of the state of Mato Grosso has shown impressive growth rates. The state's exports per capita are three times higher than those of China. This phenomenon seems to be on the verge of overcoming one of the main obstacles to South American integration: the Atlantic-Pacific barrier. The hypothesis analysed in this issue of the FAL Bulletin is that certain ongoing exogenous and endogenous “tectonic changes” in five Brazilian states that have been intensifying for some time will finally make bioceanic corridors viable. The challenge is to form an interoceanic network connecting the different corridors with waterways and coastal shipping in the South American Pacific.
Brasil-Venezuela
This Discussion Paper addresses the recent history and dynamics of relations between Brazil and Venezuela from the political-diplomatic, economic-commercial and security and defense dimensions. The study analyses decades of advances and setbacks in bilateral understandings between both countries up to the most recent consequences of the Venezuelan crisis and its impacts on South American governance. In the past twenty years, economic relations between Brazil and Venezuela was structured around bilateral trade with a large surplus with Brazil, financing the export of engineering goods and services, investments in infrastructure and the energy partnership between the two countries. The article...
Red Interoceánica en América del Sur: corredores bioceánicos y el rol de los estados articuladores
En los últimos años el sector externo del estado de Mato Grosso viene exhibiendo un impresionante dinamismo. Las exportaciones per cápita de dicho Estado son tres veces superiores a las de China. Este fenómeno parece estar a punto de superar una de las principales barreras para la integración sudamericana: el antagonismo Atlántico-Pacífico. La hipótesis que se analiza en este número del Boletín FAL es que ciertos “cambios tectónicos” exógenos y endógenos están sucediendo en 5 estados de Brasil, y se han agudizado desde hace algún tiempo, van a permitir finalmente hacer viables los corredores bioceánicos. El reto es conformar una red interoceánica articulando los diferentes corredores con las hidrovías y la navegación de cabotaje en el Pacífico sudamericano.
Petro-Aggression
Jeff D. Colgan explores why some oil-exporting countries are aggressive, while others are not. Using evidence from key countries such as Iraq, Iran, Libya, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela, Petro-Aggression proposes a new theoretical framework to explain the importance of oil to international security.
Novas perspectivas do Direito Internacional: as relações externas no contexto pós-covid 19 - volume 4
A presente coletânea de artigos é composta de temas sobre as Novas Perspectivas do Direito Internacional, fruto de estudos desenvolvidos pelos pesquisadores da Universidade Federal do Ceará, tratando de assuntos de grande relevo social, que oportunizam ao leitor uma reflexão profunda sobre a importância do contexto internacional para a contemporaneidade, especialmente após o contexto de transpandemia, ou seja, após a Covid-19.
Unanswered Threats
Why have states throughout history regularly underestimated dangers to their survival? Why have some states been able to mobilize their material resources effectively to balance against threats, while others have not been able to do so? The phenomenon of "underbalancing" is a common but woefully underexamined behavior in international politics. Underbalancing occurs when states fail to recognize dangerous threats, choose not to react to them, or respond in paltry and imprudent ways. It is a response that directly contradicts the core prediction of structural realism's balance-of-power theory--that states motivated to survive as autonomous entities are coherent actors that, when confronted by...
Designing Case Studies
The authors explore three ways of conducting causal analysis in case studies. They draw on established practices as well as on recent innovations in case study methodology and integrate these insights into coherent approaches. They highlight the core features of each approach and provide advice on each step of the research process.
A New Struggle for Independence in Modern Latin America
This volume explores several notable themes related to foreign affairs in Latin America and the reconfiguration of the power of the different states in the region. It offers insightful historical perspectives for understanding national, regional and global issues from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day, from analysis of the traditional "hegemony" of the United States over Latin America through its military, and political influence due to the presence of the European Union, Russia, and China. These views cannot be reduced to a simplistic vision of the dominant and subordinate; rather, they attempt to seek lines of continuity by highlighting traditional interpretations of new scenarios such as regional trading and security blocs. The volume refuses to impose a traditional and uncritical linear historical narrative onto the reader but instead proposes an alternative interpretation of the past and its relation to the present. Finally, the growing importance of international mechanisms in enabling the success of certain Latin American regimes is also highlighted, in particular the influence of regional diffusion through international organizations or other networks.
United States-Venezuela Relations Since the 1990s
Oil makes up one-third of Venezuela's entire GDP, and the United States is far and away Venezuela's largest trading partner. Relations between Venezuela and the United States, traditionally close for most of the last two centuries, began to fray as the end of the Cold War altered the international environment. U.S.-Venezuela Relations since the 1990s explores relations between these two countries since 1999, when Hugo Chavez came to office and proceeded to change Venezuela's historical relation with the United States and other democracies. The authors analyze the reasons for rising bilateral conflict, the decision-making process in Venezuela, the role played by public and private actors in shaping foreign policy, the role of other powers such as China, Russia, Iran, and Saudi Arabia in shaping U.S.-Venezuelan relations, the role of Venezuela in Cuba and Colombia, and the impact of broader international dynamics in the bi-lateral relations.
Thinking about Leadership
A practical and insightful look at what leaders do, how and why they do it, and the challenges they face Leadership is essential to collective human endeavor, from setting and accomplishing goals for a neighborhood block association, to running a Fortune 500 company, to mobilizing the energies of a nation. Political philosophers have focused largely on how to prevent leaders from abusing their power, yet little attention has been paid to what it actually feels like to hold power, how leaders go about their work, and how they relate to the people they lead. In Thinking about Leadership, Nannerl Keohane draws on her experience as the first woman president of Duke University and former presiden...
