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Biogas
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is by far the most important technology for providing clean renewable energy to millions in rural areas of many developing countries. AD of biowastes produces both biomethane and anaerobic digestate as a byproduct that can be used further as a biofertilizer. Biowastes including sewage, food processing wastes, animal wastes, and lignocellulosic wastes typically produce biogas containing 55%–70% biomethane. In the context of energy consumption, more than 85% of the total energy consumed currently comes from non-renewable fossil resources. Biogas technology can provide sustainable, affordable, and eco-friendly energy through waste recycling. This book provides basic knowledge and recent research on biogas production, focusing on the enhancement of biomethane and production routes integrated with microalgae cultivation or agriculture.
MXene-Based Photocatalysts
MXene, a two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbide, nitride, and carbonitride, was discovered in 2011. MXene has great potential as a cocatalyst in the field of photocatalysis due to its unique properties and structure. MXene-Based Photocatalysts: Fabrication and Applications introduces readers to the fundamentals, preparation, microstructure characterization, and a variety of applications of MXene-based photocatalysts. The book is a comprehensive reference for MXene materials and provides an overview of the current literature on MXene-based photocatalysts. FEATURES Discusses preparation methods of MXenes Describes the morphology and microstructure of MXenes Offers strategies for fabricating MXene-based photocatalysts Details the reaction mechanism of MXene-based photocatalysts Covers applications in photocatalytic water-splitting, photocatalytic CO2 reduction, photocatalytic degradation, photocatalytic nitrogen fixation, and photocatalytic H2O2 production This book serves as an invaluable guide for advanced students, industry professionals, professors, and researchers in the field of materials science and engineering, photocatalysis, energy, and environmental applications.
Image Analysis and Recognition
ICIAR 2004, the International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, was the ?rst ICIAR conference, and was held in Porto, Portugal. ICIAR will be organized annually, and will alternate between Europe and North America. ICIAR 2005 will take place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The idea of o?ering these conferences came as a result of discussion between researchers in Portugal and Canada to encourage collaboration and exchange, mainly between these two countries, but also with the open participation of other countries, addressing recent advances in theory, methodology and applications. The response to the call for papers for ICIAR 2004 was very positive. From 316 full papers submitted, 2...
Computational Intelligence and Security
The two volume set LNAI 3801 and LNAI 3802 constitute the refereed proceedings of the annual International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security, CIS 2005, held in Xi'an, China, in December 2005. The 338 revised papers presented - 254 regular and 84 extended papers - were carefully reviewed and selected from over 1800 submissions. The first volume is organized in topical sections on learning and fuzzy systems, evolutionary computation, intelligent agents and systems, intelligent information retrieval, support vector machines, swarm intelligence, data mining, pattern recognition, and applications. The second volume is subdivided in topical sections on cryptography and coding, cryptographic protocols, intrusion detection, security models and architecture, security management, watermarking and information hiding, web and network applications, image and signal processing, and applications.
New Advances in Hydrogenation Processes
Hydrogen is one of the abundant elements on earth majorly in the form of water (H2O) and mainly as hydrogen gas (H2). Catalytic hydrogenation is a key reaction that has versatile applications in different industries. The main objective of this book is to bring together various applications of hydrogenation through the perspective of leading researchers in the field. This book is intended to be used as a graduate-level text book or as a practical guide for industrial engineers.
Advanced Electrochemical Materials in Energy Conversion and Storage
This book focuses on novel electrochemical materials particularly designed for specific energy applications. It presents the relationship between materials properties, state-of-the-art processing, and device performance and sheds light on the research, development, and deployment (RD&D) trend of emerging materials and technologies in this field. Features: Emphasizes electrochemical materials applied in PEM fuel cells and water splitting Summarizes anode, cathode, electrolyte, and additive materials developed for lithium-ion batteries and reviews other batteries, including lithium-air, lithium-sulfur, sodium- and potassium-ion batteries, and multivalent-ion batteries Discusses advanced carbon materials for supercapacitors Highlights catalyst design and development for CO2RR and fundamentals of proton facilitated reduction reactions With a cross-disciplinary approach, this work will be of interest to scientists and engineers across chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, materials science, chemistry, physics, and other disciplines working to advance electrochemical energy conversion and storage capabilities and applications.
Advances in Natural Computation
This is volume II of the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Natural Computation, ICNC 2006. After a demanding review process 168 carefully revised full papers and 86 revised short papers were selected from 1915 submissions for presentation in two volumes. The 124 papers in the second volume are organized in topical sections on additional topics in natural computation, natural computation techniques applications, hardware, and cross-disciplinary topics.
Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, FSKD 2006, held in federation with the Second International Conference on Natural Computation ICNC 2006. The book presents 115 revised full papers and 50 revised short papers. Coverage includes neural computation, quantum computation, evolutionary computation, DNA computation, fuzzy computation, granular computation, artificial life, innovative applications to knowledge discovery, finance, operations research, and more.
Cyclodextrin
The book is devoted to the highly versatile and potential ingredient Cyclodextrin, a family of cyclic oligosaccharides composed of ?-(1,4)-linked glucopyranose subunits. Its molecular complexation phenomena and negligible cytotoxic effects attribute toward its application such as in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food, agriculture, textile, separation process, analytical methods, catalysis, environment protection, and diagnostics. Efforts have also been made to concentrate on recent research outcomes along with future prospects of cyclodextrins to attract the interest of scientists from the industry and academia. The contributions of the authors are greatly acknowledged, without which this compilation would not have been possible.
Functional Nanomaterials for Sensors
Because of their novel chemical and physical properties, functional nanomaterials have found increasing industrial applications in nanoelectronics, energy science, and biological applications. Functional Nanomaterials for Sensors surveys advances in functional nanomaterials and their use in sensing. It covers their properties, synthesis, design, fabrication, and their applications, including in chemical, biological, and gas sensing, environmental remediation, fuel cells, catalysis, electronic devices, and biotechnology. FEATURES: • Describes how nanomaterial functionalization is being used to create more effective sensors • Discusses various synthesis procedures, characterization techniques, and which nanomaterials should be used for sensing applications • Provides an in-depth look into oxide nanostructures, carbon nanostructures, and two-dimensional (2D) material fabrication • Explores the challenges of using nanoscale sensors for large-scale industrial applications This book is aimed at materials, chemical, biotech, and electronics researchers and industry professionals working on sensor design and development.
