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Information technology has created new challenges for translation. In this text contributors in computational linguistics, machine translation and translation studies discuss the effect of electronic tools on translation, and the conceptual gaps raised by the interface of human and machine.
When they found their efforts had produced negligible results, they tried to introduce new institutions such as a free press, a legislature with real power, the rule of law, and truly competitive elections.
This volume contains the proceedings of the conference on Quantum Affine Algebras, Extended Affine Lie Algebras, and Applications, which was held at the Banff International Research Station, Banff, Canada, from March 2-7, 2008. Many of the papers include new results on different aspects of quantum affine algebras, extended affine Lie algebras, and their applications in other areas of mathematics and physics. Any reader interested in learning about the recent developments in quantum affine algebras and extended affine Lie algebras will benefit from this book.
Incorporates mixed-effects modeling techniques for more powerful and efficient methods This book presents current and effective nonparametric regression techniques for longitudinal data analysis and systematically investigates the incorporation of mixed-effects modeling techniques into various nonparametric regression models. The authors emphasize modeling ideas and inference methodologies, although some theoretical results for the justification of the proposed methods are presented. With its logical structure and organization, beginning with basic principles, the text develops the foundation needed to master advanced principles and applications. Following a brief overview, data examples fro...
Zi Zhi Tong Jian (Chinese: 资治通鉴;English: "Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance") is a pioneering reference work in Chinese historiography, published in 1084 in the form of a chronicle. In 1065 AD, Emperor Yingzong of Songordered the great historian Sima Guang (1019–1086 AD) to lead with other scholars such as his chief assistants Liu Shu, Liu Ban and Fan Zuyu,[1] the compilation of a universal history of China. The task took 19 years to be completed,and, in 1084 AD, it was presented to his successor Emperor Shenzong of Song. The Zizhi Tongjian records Chinese history from 403 BC to 959 AD, covering 16 dynasties and spanning across almost 1,400 years,and contains 294 volumes (å...
Starch is the principal source of stored energy in plants, and its chemical composition varies depending on the botanical source of the starch. Starch plays a significant role in determining the structural characteristics of finished food products. "Starch: Structure, Properties, and Modifications for Food Applications" explores the comprehensive overview of the basic structure and properties of starch as well as the modification of starch with physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods. Each chapter presents an in-depth review of a specific research area updated with current research. Chapters of this book provide comprehensive information regarding starch modification, which will help to de...