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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) currently ranks as the third most common cause of death. As the primary malignancy of the liver is directly related to an underlying liver condition, its incidence and profile are expected to change soon. While effective prevention programs and antiviral therapies for hepatitis B and C will lower the incidence of HCC, emerging socioeconomic issues will deliver new at-risk populations. Moreover, diagnostic techniques and protocols have undergone significant advancements. Reliance on contrast enhanced ultrasound has been re-evaluated, imaging methods being considered as sufficient diagnostic tools. Molecular characterization remains desirable, since chemotherapeutic agents still have limited applicability. In light of recent diagnostic advancements and novel therapeutic solutions, it is our belief that a comprehensive update on recent paradigm shifts and interesting upcoming developments is highly needed.
The propagation of hepatitis C from acute to chronic infection and afterward to end-stage liver diseases (hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma) involves a highly orchestrated series of molecular and cellular events, including a plethora of genes and cell signaling cascades. The treatment paradigms was revolutionized after the development and approval of all oral interferon-free direct-acting antivirals achieving higher sustained virologic response rates in treated individuals. This book pragmatically overviews the intricate interplay between viral and host factors during hepatitis C virus infection progression, as well as other hepatitis C-associated clinical implications. Hepatitis C - From Infection to Cure also provides up-to-date information about hepatitis C cures for clinicians, physicians, and healthcare providers with an ample understanding of the current treatment horizon, as well as other investigational and emerging treatment strategies. The authors with their valuable scientific contributions belong to many eminent institutes around the world and are much experienced in hepatitis C virology, pathology, and therapeutics.
Hepatitis A is a major health concern throughout the world. Its impact has largely been limited in recent times by the large-scale use of vaccines. It is, however, still rampant in various parts of the world, partly due to lack of medication, poor water access, and contaminated food products. This book provides comprehensive information on various aspects of hepatitis A with a focus on three of the most important biliary diseases: cholestasis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Chapters cover such topics as pathology, epidemiology, at-risk populations, animal research models, and future trends.
Existing portrayals of women who drink typically fall into two categories: disturbing stories of women hitting “rock bottom,” resulting in ruined careers, families, and futures, or amusing stories of fun and harmless “girls’ nights out,” with women drinking and overindulging as a temporary escape from a never-ending list of work and family demands. Drawing on original research and extensive interviews with a diverse group of women, author Susan Stewart challenges these stereotypes, revealing women’s complex relationships with alcohol and factors associated with its use. In On the Rocks Stewart asks a question others might prefer stay buried: what about women's lives have changed such that they drink more alcohol? Stewart’s participants share stories of the many social forces that encourage women to drink: increased marketing of alcohol to women, the growing presence of alcohol in the workplace, pressure to drink from friends and family, and that drinking provides an easy “time-out” from children and housework. Stewarts' unvarnished examination of women and drinking challenges readers to think through its implications to individuals, families, and society.
There are a lot of important issues related to viral hepatitis studies: molecular biology of viruses, laboratory diagnostics, epidemiology, treatment etc. However, there is a number of special textbooks and monographs on the subject. Considering this fact and rather fast progress in our understanding of the problem this book focuses on the important sections of the problem immune pathogenesis of parenterally transmitted viral hepatitis and some aspects of hepatitis diagnostics. Seven chapters were prepared by several groups of researchers to share information and results of studies with specialists working in the field and persons who are interested to learn about the viral hepatitis issue. The Nobel Prize Committee (the field of physiology and medicine, 2011) awarded Bruce A. Beutler and Jules A. Hoffmann for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity whilst Ralph M. Steinman was awarded for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity. We are proud to say that our book is in line with these discoveries, because 3 chapters cover the problems of innate and adaptive immune response in case of viral hepatitis.
The human immune system is a complicated biological network that employs a collection of cells, molecules, and proteins. Cytokines play an important role in regulating the innate and adaptive immune systems by different receptors and signaling pathways. As such, they are also implicated in the occurrence of different disorders and diseases. This book presents a comprehensive overview of immunology, the immune system, and cytokines. Chapters cover such topics as the role and importance of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the human body, the association of cytokines with different disorders and diseases, and the role of cytokines in dentistry.
As result of progress, endoscopy has became more complex, using more sophisticated devices and has claimed a special form. In this moment, the gastroenterologist performing endoscopy has to be an expert in macroscopic view of the lesions in the gut, with good skills for using standard endoscopes, with good experience in ultrasound (for performing endoscopic ultrasound), with pathology experience for confocal examination. It is compulsory to get experience and to have patience and attention for the follow-up of thousands of images transmitted during capsule endoscopy or to have knowledge in physics necessary for autofluorescence imaging endoscopy. Therefore, the idea of an endoscopist has changed. Examinations mentioned need a special formation, a superior level of instruction, accessible to those who have already gained enough experience in basic diagnostic endoscopy. This is the reason for what these new issues of endoscopy are presented in this book of New techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.
The inflammatory procceses of pancreatic gland can be acute and chronic. Acute pancreatitis constitutes the majority of cases requiring hospital admission in gastroenterology. We are yet to discover many things about its pathophysiology, which is a certain drawback for the progress in its treatment. Prediction of severity is necessary for the management plan. However, our progress in the field was significant in the recent decade and a leap forward is expected in this cumbersome condition which has many unmet needs. Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive inflammatory disease characterized by debilitating pain and pancreatic insufficiency. Although medical treatment and endoscopic interventions are primarily offered to patients with chronic pancreatitis, approximately around 50% will ultimately require palliative surgery.
This book offers a detailed overview of translational bioinformatics together with real-case applications. Translational bioinformatics integrates the areas of basic bioinformatics, clinical informatics, statistical genetics and informatics in order to further our understanding of the molecular basis of diseases. By analyzing voluminous amounts of molecular and clinical data, it also provides clinical information, which can then be applied. Filling the gap between clinic research and informatics, the book is a valuable resource for human geneticists, clinicians, health educators and policy makers, as well as graduate students majoring in biology, biostatistics, and bioinformatics.
Computational Approaches in Bioengineering, Volume 2—Computational Approaches in Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Applications is a comprehensive and up-to-date resource that provides a broad overview of the use of computational methods in the fields of biomaterials and biomedical engineering. Written by a team of experts in the field of biomaterials and biomedical engineering, it provides a wealth of information on the use of computational methods in these fields. Furthermore, it explores emerging trends and discusses future directions and associated limitations in the field. Through thorough exploration and explanation, it showcases the latest research and advancements, offering v...