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The Encomenderos of New Spain, 1521-1555
While the Spanish conquistadors have been stereotyped as rapacious treasure seekers, many firstcomers to the New World realized that its greatest wealth lay in the native populations whose labor could be harnessed to build a new Spain. Hence, the early arrivals in Mexico sought encomiendas—"a grant of the Indians of a prescribed indigenous polity, who were to provide the grantee (the encomendero) tribute in the form of commoditiesand service in return for protection and religious instruction." This study profiles the 506 known encomenderos in New Spain (present-day Mexico) during the years 1521-1555, using their life histories to chart the rise, florescence, and decline of the encomienda system. The first part draws general conclusions about the actual workings of the encomienda system. The second part provides concise biographies of the encomenderos themselves.
The Making and Influence of I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang
Robert E. Burns, a World War I veteran coerced into taking part in a petty crime in Atlanta, Georgia, was sentenced to hard labor on a chain gang in 1922. Twice escaping and on the lam for decades, he was aided only by his minister-poet brother, Vincent G. Burns. Their collaborative work, I Am a Fugitive from a Georgia Chain Gang! was the basis for Darryl F. Zanuck's and Mervyn Leroy's hard-hitting 1932 film adaptation from Warner Bros. This book traces the making and influence of the film--which launched a string of imitators--and the Burns brothers' efforts to obtain a pardon for Robert, which never came.
New Metropolitan Perspectives
The book aims to face the challenge of post-COVID-19 dynamics toward green and digital transition, between metropolitan and return to villages’ perspectives. It presents a multi-disciplinary scientific debate on the new frontiers of strategic and spatial planning, economic programs and decision support tools, within the urban–rural areas networks and the metropolitan cities. The book focuses on six topics: inner and marginalized areas local development to re-balance territorial inequalities; knowledge and innovation ecosystem for urban regeneration and resilience; metropolitan cities and territorial dynamics; rules, governance, economy, society; green buildings, post-carbon city and ecosystem services; infrastructures and spatial information systems; cultural heritage: conservation, enhancement and management. In addition, the book hosts a Special Section: Rhegion United Nations 2020-2030. The book will benefit all researchers, practitioners and policymakers interested in the issues applied to metropolitan cities and marginal areas.
At the First Table
Research on European food culture has expanded substantially in recent years, telling us more about food preparation, ingredients, feasting and fasting rituals, and the social and cultural connotations of food. At the First Table demonstrates the ways in which early modern Spaniards used food as a mechanism for the performance of social identity. People perceived themselves and others as belonging to clearly defined categories of gender, status, age, occupation, and religion, and each of these categories carried certain assumptions about proper behavior and appropriate relationships with others. Food choices and dining customs were effective and visible ways of displaying these behaviors in ...
The Europa International Foundation Directory 2023
This fully revised directory of international foundations, trusts, charitable and grantmaking NGOs and other similar non-profit institutions provides a comprehensive picture of foundation activity on a worldwide scale. Now in its 32nd edition, The Europa International Foundation Directory includes: Information on some 2,700 organizations, organized by country or territory, including details of funding priorities and projects, geographical area of activity, principal staff and contact details Details of co-ordinating bodies and centres that assist foundations, grantmaking organizations and other NGOs Bibliography Comprehensive index section This new edition has been revised and expanded to include the most comprehensive and up-to-date information on this growing sector.
Oaxaca Stories in Cloth
Winner: 2017 IBPA Benjamin Franklin Awards, Gold, Multicultural 2017 IBPA Benjamin Franklin Awards, Silver, Art & Photography Oaxaca Stories in Cloth includes more than 175 sensitive, intimate, full-color portraits of traditional people of the Oaxacan hinterlands who continue to wrap themselves in the clothing that expresses their ancient, living culture. Eric Mindling captures this vanishing world with artistry and respect, and just in the nick of time. This book offers a window into a vanishing culture where few people have the opportunity to go.
Multilingualism in Its Multiple Dimensions
Most people across the globe are bilingual, trilingual, or simply polyglots. This book engages in an interdisciplinary and intercultural approach to 21st-century multilingualism, not only as a linguistic phenomenon but also as a perpetual, ever-changing human condition in an interconnected and digital age. It maps out how languages interact with one another in power dynamics, identity formations, cultural preservations, teaching pedagogies, and empirical applications. Across the globe, the chapter authors examine multilingualism from African, East/South Asian, European, Latin American, Middle Eastern, and North American contexts. The book invites readers to engage in multilingualism in a macro universe, as well as in a particular micro realm.
