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Arranged chronologically, features more than forty essays by an international panel of experts on art, art critiicism, and art therory tracing the evolution of art from ancient times to the twentieth century.
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The result of a research project conducted by Swedish scholars, this text examines interpretations and representations of the Holocaust in European societies, primarily focusing on the most recent decades. Using specific case studies, the articles in this anthology study how, when and why the collective memory of the Holocaust has been expressed and activated for cultural, economic, political and social reasons.
This study focuses on the conflicting aims and deeds of the Russian government and the Polish nationally-minded student youth in the situation which emerged after the closure of the universities in Warsaw and Wilno (Vilnius) in 1832. Thousands of Polish students studied in Russian universities, constituting a considerable portion of the student body. They formed conspiracies, student unions and study circles. Their relations with Russian students entailed both enmity and co-operation. The book analyzes the idea of what it meant to be a Polish student in Russia between 1832 and 1863, and reveals secret disagreements between government politicians concerning the Polish question at the universities.
Making Russians is a valuable and insightful examination, based on a solid archival foundation, of the nationalities policies in tsarist Russia's northwestern borderlands of Lithuania and Belarus. Making Russians explores the various strategies of Russification that the imperial government pursued largely unsuccessfully in this region. The book is essential reading for all students of imperial Russia. It has applications for the present as well, when issues of national identity continue to engage the citizens of both Russia and the states of the Former Soviet Union.John Klier, University College London
Rodzinne traumy i zbrodnie sprzed lat nie dadzą o sobie zapomnieć – oto thriller, którego ponury czar rośnie z każdą stroną. Stare, brzydkie gospodarstwo odziedziczone po teściach, zagubione w lesie gdzieś między Bożą Wolą a Sumieniem. Marcin Bieńczuk nie ma pracy i pogrąża się w depresji, woli jednak epatować chłodem niż okazać bezsilność. Ani to, ani przesłuchanie w sprawie zabójstwa młodej kobiety nie pomagają rozwiązać jego małżeńskich problemów, a sekrety i nieporozumienia piętrzą się jak usterki w wiekowym domu. Bezwładność to ubrana w kryminalną intrygę podróż przez mroki ludzkiej natury, pełne niekonsekwencji i chybionych wyborów, sięgające aż do granic moralności. Każdy toczy tu własną grę, błądząc po śladach wojennych zbrodni ku najciemniejszym pokusom. „Teraz Julia nie mogła już nikomu nic powiedzieć. Umarła w straszny sposób i Renata wiedziała, że powinna rozpaczać, ale nie potrafiła. Nie czuła żalu, a jedynie ulgę”.
Reaching back centuries, this study makes a convincing case for very deep roots of current Eastern European backwardness. Its conclusions are suggestive for comparativists studying other parts of the world, and useful to those who want to understand contemporary Eastern Europe's past. Like the rest of the world except for that unique part of the West which has given us a false model of what was "normal," Eastern Europe developed slowly. The weight of established class relations, geography, lack of technological innovation, and wars kept the area from growing richer. In the nineteenth century the West exerted a powerful influence, but it was political more than economic. Nationalism and the creation of newly independent aspiring nation-states then began to shape national economies, often in unfavorable ways. One of this book's most important lessons is that while economics may limit the freedom of action of political players, it does not determine political outcomes. The authors offer no simple explanations but rather a theoretically complex synthesis that demonstrates the interaction of politics and economics.
The authors aim to bring to a wider audience an insight into identity formation in one of the largest multi-national countries in the world. Twentieth-century politics have all too often obscured the complexity of identity formation in Russia, which, arguably, has proved detrimental to our greater understanding of identity processes at a theoretical level. The book aims to bring into sharper focus the process by which a multitude of identities began to emerge in the Russian empire in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The book also reviews a series of case-studies of identity formation in Russia based on religion, historical beliefs, language, local culture, and various combinations of these factors.
Focusing on the profound transformation in Central and Eastern Europe since the fall of the Iron Curtain, this record analyzes complex cultural dimensions, such as lifestyles, habits, value markers, and identity. Written by a group of experts, it presents case studies from the former communist countries that are members of the European Union today and attempts to answer crucial questions about the constructions of a new identity in the region: Have the processes of democratization and opening the borders produced mentality changes and new value systems? Is there a convergence of values and cultures between the new and old EU-members? Have there been backlashes in the processes of reconstructing national identities? This book is a valuable resource for anyone interested in European integration, issues of national identity, and the politics and culture of the post-Communist countries.