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Is chess an art, a science or a sport? This is one of the most commonly asked questions about chess, but it admits of no easy answer. Most chess activities involve a combination of all three components, but different areas of chess emphasize different aspects. The sporting element predominates in the over-theboard game, while the protracted battles of postal chess stress the scientific side. The third element, the artistic component, finds its best expression in the field of chess composition. Over the- board players often ignore composed positions, or if they do pay attention, they concentrate on endgame compositions of direct relevance to practical play. In turning their backs on the world of chess problems, they are missing out on a great deal of enjoyment. It is true that studying chess problems will never improve anybody's play, but not everything has to have a strictly functional justification. The many fascinating examples which follow can give a great deal of pleasure to anyone interested in seeing the chess pieces stretched to their limits. This book will conduct the reader on a detailed tour around one part of the world of chess composition.
Throughout the history of law enforcement, the internal investigation process has held the most negative connotation of any investigation conducted by law enforcement personnel. As we progress through the new millennium, the need for efficient and effective law enforcement services and practices grows ever more critical. The goal of this book is to demonstrate this need for proper and complete internal investigations, and to teach the entry level and tenured police supervisor the form and function of the internal investigations process. The text selectively focuses on the purposes and practical implications of internal investigations and the pitfalls. The goal is to guide students and profes...
A quarterly journal of excerpts, summaries and reprints of current materials on economic and social development.
To Be Real: Truth and Racial Authenticity in African American Standup Comedy examines Black standup comedy over the past decade as a stage for understanding why notions of racial authenticity--in essence, appeals to "realness" and "real Blackness"--emerge as a cultural imperative in African American culture. Ethnographic observations and interviews with Black comedians ground this telling, providing a narrative arc of key historical moments in the new millennium. Readers will understand how and why African American comics invoke "realness" to qualify nationalist 9/11 discourses and grapple with the racial entailments of the war, overcome a sense of racial despair in the wake of Hurricane Kat...
This comprehensive history, published jointly by the IMF and Oxford University Press, was written to mark the fiftieth anniversary of international monetary cooperation. From the establishment of the postwar international monetary system in 1944 to how the framework functions in a vastly expanded world economy, historian Harol James describes the tensions, negotiations, challenges, and progress of international monetary cooperation. This narrative offers a global perspective on the events and decisions that have shaped the world economy during the past fifty years.
The weekly source of African American political and entertainment news.
The demise of sterling as an international currency was widely predicted after 1945, but the process took thirty years to complete. Why was this demise so prolonged? Traditional explanations emphasize British efforts to prolong sterling's role because it increased the capacity to borrow, enhanced prestige, or supported London as a centre for international finance. This book challenges this view by arguing that sterling's international role was prolonged by the weakness of the international monetary system and by collective global interest in its continuation. Using the archives of Britain's partners in Europe, the USA and the Commonwealth, Catherine Schenk shows how the UK was able to convince other governments that sterling's international role was critical for the stability of the international economy and thereby attract considerable support to manage its retreat. This revised view has important implications for current debates over the future of the US dollar as an international currency.
Following in the footsteps of historic figures and writers, Horan reveals the many dimensions, social and cultural, of a city where tradition and modernity interconnect. From the quadrangles and chapels of the university center to the multicultural bustle of the Cowley Road, he explores both the historic and contemporary faces of Oxford. Maps and illustrations.