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Airway Basal Cells Show a Dedifferentiated KRT17highPhenotype and Promote Fibrosis in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Abstract: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal disease with limited treatment options. In this study, we focus on the properties of airway basal cells (ABC) obtained from patients with IPF (IPF-ABC). Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) of bronchial brushes revealed extensive reprogramming of IPF-ABC towards a KRT17high PTENlow dedifferentiated cell type. In the 3D organoid model, compared to ABC obtained from healthy volunteers, IPF-ABC give rise to more bronchospheres, de novo bronchial structures resembling lung developmental processes, induce fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition in co-culture. Intratracheal application of IPF-ABC into minimally injured ...
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Reflects a TH1-CD21low B-cell Interaction in CVID-related Interstitial Lung Disease
Abstract: Background: About 20% of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) suffer from interstitial lung disease (ILD) as part of a systemic immune dysregulation. Current understanding suggests a role of B cells in the pathogenesis based on histology and increased levels of BAFF and IgM associated with active disease corroborated by several reports which demonstrate the successful use of rituximab in CVID-ILD. It is debated whether histological confirmation by biopsy or even video-assisted thoracoscopy is required and currently not investigated whether less invasive methods like a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) might provide an informative diagnostic tool. Objective: To gain insi...
Genetic and Geographic Influence on Phenotypic Variation in European Sarcoidosis Patients
Abstract: Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a highly variable disease in terms of organ involvement, type of onset and course. Associations of genetic polymorphisms with sarcoidosis phenotypes have been observed and suggest genetic signatures. Methods: After obtaining a positive vote of the competent ethics committee we genotyped 1909 patients of the deeply phenotyped Genetic-Phenotype Relationship in Sarcoidosis (GenPhenReSa) cohort of 31 European centers in 12 countries with 116 potentially disease-relevant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Using a meta-analysis, we investigated the association of relevant phenotypes (acute vs. sub-acute onset, phenotypes of organ involvement, specific or...
The Value of Bronchoalveolar Lavage for Discrimination Between Healthy and Diseased Individuals
Abstract: Background Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is standard diagnostic procedure. Procedural recommendations have been made by pneumological societies including normal values for interpretation of BAL cytology. These normal values derive from small studies in healthy volunteers and have never been analysed for their sensitivity and specificity. Objectives This study aims to analyse sensitivity and specificity of these normal values by assessing lavage cell composition in healthy and diseased individuals. Methods More than 6000 BAL were retrospectively analysed for their cellular distribution including BALs of 250 healthy individuals. All BALs were obtained under similar conditions. Results...
From Magnetic to Bioactive Materials
This work provides the broad range of applications of inorganic compounds. Due to their well defined properties they play an important role in many fields either on a large scale in our daily life or as niche products. Experts from industry and academia present the vast amount of distinguished materials focusing on their synthesis and function. Volume 2 covers e.g. electronic, magnetic, biomedical, carbon- and sulfur-based materials and ceramics.
A Dictionary of German-Jewish Surnames
This dictionary identifies more than 13,000 German-Jewish surnames from the area that was pre-World War I Germany. From Baden-Wuerttemburg in the south to Schleswig-Holstein in the north. From Westfalen in the west to East Prussia in the east. In addition to providing the etymology and variants of each name, it identifies where in the region the name appeared, identifying the town and time period. More than 300 sources were used to compile the book. A chapter provides the Jewish population in many towns in the 19th century.
