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Decoding the Influence of Financial Constraints on Retail Product Strategies During Economic Cycles in the U.S.
This paper examines the adjustment margins employed by firms encountering financial constraints during the Great Recession. Specifically, the study focuses on the changes in product entry and exit, as well as the components of sales variation. To conduct the research, I use Nielsen Homescan, GS1, and Compustat datasets, and employ panel estimation techniques. The results of the study reveal the following stylized facts: (i) firms with lower liquidity constraints, as measured by a higher ratio of liquid assets to total assets, tend to introduce new products during the Great Recession, with an average increase of approximately 2% on the net entry rate; (ii) adjustments in product-specific year...
The Pandemic Effects on Market Power and Profitability
We explore firm-level markup and profit rates during the COVID-19 pandemic for a panel of 3,548 publicly-traded firms in Compustat and find increases for the average firm. Those increases can be captured by previous trends in market power and profitability. Furthermore, focusing on the average firm masks large heterogeneity in the disruption caused by the pandemic. We complement our analysis by studying heterogeneity by pre-pandemic baseline markup rates, firm size, stock-exchange tenure, employment, profitability, and market share. We find that firms that have lower profitability than what we could expect from their previous trends tend to have lower markup rates, higher market shares, and more employees.
History of Micronesia
Volume 16 contains all known documents about the first scientific expedition to the Pacific. The Malaspina Expedition visited Guam in 1792 and was led by Commander Alexandro Malaspina. His work and that of his twelve officers appear in this volume. Administrative records are also included. Notable among these are documents concerning a visit to Guam by Carolinian canoes from Lamotrek and a vocabulary of the Carolinian language.
Hyperborder
Roving vigilantes, fear-mongering politicians, hysterical pundits, and the looming shadow of a seven hundred-mile-long fence: the US–Mexican border is one of the most complex and dynamic areas on the planet today. Hyperborder provides the most nuanced portrait yet of this dynamic region. Author Fernando Romero presents a multidisciplinary perspective informed by interviews with numerous academics, researchers, and organizations. Provocatively designed in the style of other kinetic large-scale studies like Rem Koolhaas's Content and Bruce Mau’s Massive Change, Hyperborder is an exhaustively researched report from the front lines of the border debate.
