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This publication deals with the topic of transitional justice. In six case studies, the authors link theoretical and practical implications in order to develop some innovative approaches. Their proposals might help to deal more effectively with the transition of societies, legal orders and political systems. Young academics from various backgrounds provide fresh insights and demonstrate the relevance of the topic. The chapters analyse transitions and conflicts in Sierra Leone, Argentina, Nicaragua, Nepal, and South Sudan as well as Germany’s colonial genocide in Namibia. Thus, the book provides the reader with new insights and contributes to the ongoing debate about transitional justice. G...
How has Latin America pioneered the field of transitional justice (TJ)? Do approaches vary across the region? This Element describes Latin American innovations in trials and truth commissions, and evaluates two influential models that explain variation in TJ outcomes: the Huntingtonian and Justice Cascade approaches. It argues that scholars should complement these approaches with one that recognizes the importance of state capacity building and institutional change. To translate domestic/international political pressure and human rights norms into outcomes, states must develop 'TJ capabilities'. Not only should states be willing to pursue these highly complex policies, they must also develop competent bureaucracies.
Unconventional heavy crude oils are replacing the conventional light crude oils slowly but steadily as a major energy source. Heavy crude oils are cheaper and present an opportunity to the refiners to process them with higher profit margins. However, the unfavourable characteristics of heavy crude oils such as high viscosity, low API gravity, low H/C ratio, chemical complexity with high asphaltenes content, high acidity, high sulfur and increased level of metal and heteroatom impurities impede extraction, pumping, transportation and processing. Very poor mobility of the heavy oils, due to very high viscosities, significantly affects production and transportation. Techniques for viscosity red...
Privatization is under attack. Beginning in the 1980s, thousands of failing state-owned enterprises worldwide have been turned over to the private sector. But public opinion has turned against privatization. A large political backlash has been brewing for some time, infused by accusations of corruption, abuse of market power, and neglect of the poor. What is the real record of privatization and are the criticisms justified? 'Privatization in Latin America' evaluates the empirical evidence on privatization in a region that has witnessed an extensive decline in the state's share of production over the past 20 years. The book is a compilation of recent studies that provide a comprehensive analy...
In William Caruthers' 'Loafing Along Death Valley Trails', readers are taken on a literary journey through the rugged landscapes of Death Valley, where they encounter fascinating tales of exploration, survival, and the human spirit. Caruthers' writing style is marked by its vivid descriptions and engaging storytelling, making this book a compelling read for anyone interested in the history and folklore of the American West. The author's attention to detail immerses the reader in the harsh yet beautiful terrain of Death Valley, bringing to life the struggles and triumphs of those who dared to venture into this unforgiving wilderness. Caruthers' work is a valuable contribution to the literary landscape of the West, offering a unique perspective on a region that has captivated explorers and storytellers for generations. Readers who enjoy historical narratives and adventure tales will find 'Loafing Along Death Valley Trails' both informative and entertaining, a must-read for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the essence of the American frontier.
Amengual investigates how labor and environmental regulations can be enforced by drawing on a study of politics in Argentina.
Introduction -- Mesozoic depositional evolution -- Cenozoic depositional evolution -- Petroleum habitat.