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The Cambridge Companion to Galen
Galen of Pergamum (AD 129–c.216) was the most influential doctor of later antiquity, whose work was to influence medical theory and practice for more than fifteen hundred years. He was a prolific writer on anatomy, physiology, diagnosis and prognosis, pulse-doctrine, pharmacology, therapeutics, and the theory of medicine; but he also wrote extensively on philosophical topics, making original contributions to logic and the philosophy of science, and outlining a scientific epistemology which married a deep respect for empirical adequacy with a commitment to rigorous rational exposition and demonstration. He was also a vigorous polemicist, deeply involved in the doctrinal disputes among the medical schools of his day. This volume offers an introduction to and overview of Galen's achievement in all these fields, while seeking also to evaluate that achievement in the light of the advances made in Galen scholarship over the past thirty years.
Postneoadjuvant Surveillance and Surgery as Needed Compared with Postneoadjuvant Surgery on Principle in Multimodal Treatment for Oesophageal Cancer: a Scoping Review Protocol
Abstract: Introduction In current medical practice of curative treatment for non-metastatic oesophageal cancer, surgery on principle is carried out by oesophagectomy after neoadjuvant treatment. However, oesophagectomy is often associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality. Taking into account that modern neoadjuvant therapy is effective and many of patients show no vital tumour cells in the operative specimens, we aim to perform a scoping review as part of the development phase for a prospectively planned multicentre randomised controlled trial investigating 'surgery as needed vs surgery on principle in patients with postneoadjuvant complete response of oesophageal cancer' (Prospect...
Longitudinal Analysis of Cell-free Mutated KRAS and CA 19-9 Predicts Survival Following Curative Resection of Pancreatic Cancer
Abstract: Background Novel biomarkers and molecular monitoring tools hold potential to improve outcome for patients following resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We hypothesized that the combined longitudinal analysis of mutated cell-free plasma KRAS (cfKRASmut) and CA 19-9 during adjuvant treatment and follow-up might more accurately predict disease course than hitherto available parameters. Methods Between 07/2015 and 10/2018, we collected 134 plasma samples from 25 patients after R0/R1-resection of PDAC during adjuvant chemotherapy and post-treatment surveillance at our institution. Highly sensitive discriminatory multi-target ddPCR assays were employed to screen plasma ...
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Comparing Proximal Gastrectomy with Double-tract-reconstruction and Total Gastrectomy in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer Patients: Still No Sufficient Evidence for Clinical Decision-making
Abstract: Background To compare proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction and total gastrectomy in patients with gastroesophageal junction (AEG II-III) and gastric cancer. Methods We conducted systematic searches in Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library until December 20, 2021 (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021291500). Risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool and the ROBINS-I tool, as applicable. Evidence was rated by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results One randomized controlled trial (RCT) and 13 non-RCTs with 1,317 patients (715 patients with total gastrectomy and 602 patient...
Aristarchos of Samos the Polymath
Of all the giants on whose shoulders we stand, Aristarchos of Samos, the ancient Greek all-rounder, has proved to be especially tall: no one else (not even Einstein, to mention an iconic figure) has ever discovered anything (of like importance) that took so long to dawn on the rest of humanity. His achievement was extraordinary: with nothing more than the naked eye and the mind of a genius, he got to know the Sun's distance better than anyone else before, and he put the Earth in motion around the Sun for the first time in human awareness. The present book examines what history has spared of him and invites the reader to relive astronomy's finest hour.
Pancreatic Resection in Older Patients: a Retrospective Single-center Outcome Analysis
Abstract: Due to increasing life expectancy and improved diagnostic sensitivity, a growing number of older patients are presenting with resectable pancreatic disease entities and are being evaluated for surgery. Intended as an internal quality control for patient selection, we aimed at evaluating septuagenarians and octogenarians compared with patients younger than 70 years of age regarding early postoperative outcome in general, and long-term oncologic outcome in the case of resection for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. A total number of 1231 patients who underwent pancreatic resection for any entity between 2007 and 2019 at our tertiary university medical center in Germany were retrospectively ...
Proximal Gastrectomy and Double-tract Reconstruction Vs Total Gastrectomy in Gastric and Gastro-esophageal Junction Cancer Patients — a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol (PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42021291500)
Abstract: Background In Germany and Western Europe, gastroesophageal junction cancer (AEG) and proximal gastric cancer are currently treated with (transhiatal-extended) total gastrectomy (TG) according to the latest treatment guidelines. TG leads to a severe and long-lasting impairment of postoperative health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the treated patients. Recent studies have suggested that HRQoL of these patients could be improved by proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction (PG-DTR) without compromising oncologic safety. Our aim is therefore to conduct a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial comparing PG-DTR with TG in AEG II/III and gastric cancer patients with ...
Pathological Complete Response in Multimodal Treatment of Esophageal Cancer: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Abstract: To evaluate pathological complete response (pCR, ypT0ypN0) after neoadjuvant treatment compared with non-complete response (non-CR) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC), and 393 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Survival probability was analyzed in patients with: (i) pCR vs non-CR; (ii) complete response of the primary tumor but persisting lymphatic metastases (non-CR-T0N+) and (iii) pCR and tumor-free lymphnodes exhibiting signs of postneoadjuvant regression vs. no signs of regression. (i) Median overall survival (mOS) was favorable in patients with pCR (pCR: mOS not reached vs. non-CR: 41 months, P
