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This volume is a compilation of nine articles, translated from German. They deal with those lexicographic texts or text excerpts which have been formulated in order to convey the meaning of a lexical unit to a potential dictionary user who is not familiar with that meaning. The articles not only critically analyze lexicographic practice, in particular the so-called lexicographic definitions and the items giving the synonyms in correlation with the examples, in the light of different semantic approaches. They also present ways towards a common understanding in the context of lexicographically imparting knowledge of meaning, i.e. on the basis of an actional-semantics approach which takes into account results obtained from analyses of everyday dialogs about word meanings. Moreover, they discuss how meaning-conveying texts can serve their purposes in dictionary look-up situations, and they lay out all those aspects which are particularly to be taken into consideration in the formulation of lexicographic texts aimed at conveying meaning, in dictionaries belonging to different types.
TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS is a series of books that open new perspectives in our understanding of language. The series publishes state-of-the-art work on core areas of linguistics across theoretical frameworks as well as studies that provide new insights by building bridges to neighbouring fields such as neuroscience and cognitive science. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS considers itself a forum for cutting-edge research based on solid empirical data on language in its various manifestations, including sign languages. It regards linguistic variation in its synchronic and diachronic dimensions as well as in its social contexts as important sources of insight for a better understanding of the design of linguistic systems and the ecology and evolution of language. TRENDS IN LINGUISTICS publishes monographs and outstanding dissertations as well as edited volumes, which provide the opportunity to address controversial topics from different empirical and theoretical viewpoints. High quality standards are ensured through anonymous reviewing.
There has been an explosion of research activity related to angiogenesis in recent years, and hundreds of laboratories worldwide are actively involved in many aspects of angiogenesiS. The literature on angiogenesis increases exponentially every year, and more than 16,000 peer-reviewed articles have been published the past 25 years, which are scattered in basic science and clinical journals. The complexity of the cascade of events leading to new vessel formation from preexisting ones has challenged scientists in cell biology, biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology, molecular biology, developmental biology, and other fields. With their multidisciplinary approach and the powerful new techniques...
Europe is the name for a scintillating variety of historically emerged concepts, constantly developed and discussed over time. Its complexity and fuzziness is reflected in a multitude of myths, topoi, symbols and boundaries, which all constitute shared knowledge of the concept of EUROPE and which continue to influence attempts to (de- and re-)construct European identity. The case studies collected in this volume investigate the competing concepts of Europe in political and public discourses from a wide range of perspectives (e.g. frame semantics, discourse linguistics, multimodal analysis), focusing on the following aspects: How is EUROPE conceptualised, (re-)negotiated and legitimised by different political actors, political bodies and institutions? How does “the European idea” change throughout history and how is the re-emerging idea of nationality evaluated?
This synchronic study presents a new onomasiological, frame-theoretical model for the description, classification and theoretical analysis of the cross-linguistic content category aspectuality. It deals specifically with those pieces of information, which, in their interplay, constitute the aspectual value of states of affairs. The focus is on Romance Languages, although the model can be applied just as well to other languages, in that it is underpinned by a principle grounded in a fundamental cognitive ability: the delimitation principle. Unlike traditional approaches, which generally have a semasiological orientation and strictly adhere to a semantic differentiation between grammatical aspect and lexical aspect (Aktionsart), this study makes no such differentiation and understands these as merely different formal realisations of one and the same content category: aspectuality.
Die Reihe Sprache und Wissen (SuW) ist eine Plattform für hochwertige Arbeiten zur germanistischen Linguistik mit interdisziplinärer Ausstrahlungskraft. Sie greift aktuelle Tendenzen der Wissensgesellschaft unter linguistischer Perspektive auf, um zu zeigen, wie gesellschaftliches und fachspezifisches Wissen durch Sprache erst entsteht und dadurch perspektiviert wird. Die sprachwissenschaftliche Betrachtung diskursiv geprägter Wissensformate soll auf neuartige Weise das Fach und die an Sprache interessierten Wissenschaften voranbringen. Die Reihe versammelt Arbeiten mit semantischen, pragmatischen und grammatischen Beschreibungsansätzen unter varietätenspezifischem sowie text- und diskurslinguistischem Erkenntnisinteresse. Wissenschaftlicher Beirat: Markus Hundt Wolf-Andreas Liebert Thomas Spranz-Fogasy Berbeli Wanning Ingo H. Warnke Martin Wengeler
Der Ausgangspunkt dieser Überblicksdarstellung zur aktuellen linguistischen Forschung ist die Frage, inwiefern Sprache als vermeintlich neutrales Medium Sachverhalte und Gegenstände der Wirklichkeit zu repräsentieren vermag. Sprachwissenschaftler stellen das Thema Sprache am Beispiel gesamtgesellschaftlich relevanter Themen und Forschungsrichtungen vor. Der Band richtet sich damit an Wissenschaftler und Studenten der Linguistik, Germanistik und angrenzender Fachgebiete sowie an sprachinteressierte Laien.
Zentrales Thema des Bandes ist die Optimierung von Kommunikationsabläufen inner- und außerhalb von Unternehmen. Es werden Fallstudien und Lösungskonzepte zu folgenden Themenbereichen vorgestellt: Interpretations- und Transferprobleme im interkulturellen Kontext; internationale Wirtschaftskontakte (Mediation, Investor Relations, Co-Branding); Wertvorstellungen und Überzeugungsarbeit in Werbeauftritten; Trainingskonzepte (Konfliktbearbeitung).
Die Studie ist an der Schnittstelle von Diskurstheorie, Korpuslinguistik und Konstruktionsgrammatik angesiedelt. Sie behandelt den Zusammenhang von sprachlichen Zeichen und sozialer Rolle aus der Perspektive der sprachlichen Zeichen. Der Autor zeigt in drei korpuspragmatischen Analysen zu Konstruktionen mit „Mensch“, „können“ und APPR ADJA NN, welchen Einfluss die gesellschaftlichen Hintergründe sprachlichen Verhaltens auf die sprachliche Interaktion haben. Zu diesem Zweck wird ein Korpus analysiert, das aus mündlichen und schriftlichen Beiträgen zur Bioethikdebatte in deutscher Sprache besteht. Die Studie liefert empirische und theoretische Evidenz dafür, Sprache als Spur sozia...
How do words mean? What is the nature of meaning? How can we grasp a word’s meaning? The frame-semantic approach developed in this book offers some well-founded answers to such long-standing, but still controversial issues. Following Charles Fillmore’s definition of frames as both organizers of experience and tools for understanding, the monograph attempts to examine one of the most important concepts of Cognitive Linguistics in more detail. The point of departure is Fillmore’s conception of “frames of understanding” – an approach to (cognitive) semantics that Fillmore developed from 1975 to 1985. The envisaged Understanding Semantics (“U-Semantics”) is a semantic theory sui generis whose significance for linguistic research cannot be overestimated. In addition to its crucial role in the development of the theoretical foundations of U-semantics, corpus-based frame semantics can be applied fruitfully in the investigation of knowledge-building processes in text and discourse.