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Entwicklung einer Roentgenzoomlinse
Imaging methods such as X-ray microscopy are used in non-destructive material analysis to achieve resolutions in the sub micrometer range. Imaging optics are required, for which X-ray lenses are particularly suitable for photon energies above 10 keV. To ensure the universal use of these lenses with constant optical properties over a wide photon energy range, for the first time an X-ray zoom lens was developed in this work.
Advanced Elastocaloric Cooling Devices Based on Shape Memory Alloy Films
Elastocaloric cooling is an emerging solid-state cooling technology with the potential to provide environmentally friendly, efficient cooling. The elastocaloric effect in superelastic shape memory alloy films is used to develop advanced cooling devices for small-scale applications. Cascaded and parallelized devices are developed to increase device temperature span and cooling capacity. The concepts are proven experimentally, a maximum temperature span of 27° C is achieved in a cascaded device.
In Situ Characterization and Modelling of Drying Dynamics for Scalable Printing of Hybrid Perovskite Photovoltaics
Hybrid perovskite photovoltaics could play a vital role in future’s renewable energy production. However, there are still severe challenges when scaling the technology. In this work, perovskite solution films drying in laminar and slot-jet air flows are investigated extensively by optical in situ characterization. The main results are a quantitative model of perovskite drying dynamics and a novel in situ imaging technique – yielding valuable predictions for large-scale perovskite fabrication.
X-ray optics made by X-ray lithography: Process optimization and quality control
Grating based X-ray phase contrast imaging sets out to overcome the limits of conventional X-ray imaging in the detection of subtle density differences and opens a way to characterize a sample's microstructure without the need for ultrahigh spatial resolution. The technique relies on grating structures with micrometric periods and extreme aspect ratio - their fabrication by X-ray lithography with optimal structure quality is the topic of this work.
Innovative micro-NMR/MRI functionality utilizing flexible electronics and control systems
The advantages offered by the flexible electronics and control systems technologies were utilized for tackling the challenges facing two crucial Magnetic Resonance (MR) applications. The first application is in the field of interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and the other application is in the field of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR).
Power Generation by Resonant Self-Actuation
Die Forschung im Bereich der Mikro-Energiegewinnungssysteme wurde durch den Bedarf an autarken, stabilen Energiequellen für vernetzte drahtlose Sensoren vorangetrieben. Abwärme, insbesondere bei Temperaturen unter 200 °C, stellt eine vielversprechende, aber mit den derzeitigen Umwandlungstechnologien schwer zu gewinnende Energiequelle dar. - Research into micro energy harvesting systems has been driven by the need for self-sustaining, stable power sources for interconnected wireless sensors. Waste heat, particularly at temperatures below 200 °C, presents a promising but challenging energy source to recover using current conversion technology.
NMR micro-detectors tailored for multinuclear and electrochemistry lab-on-a-chip applications
This work offers three solutions tailored to specific applications to overcome NMR challenges in the micro-domain. As the first sub-topic of this work, different potential electrode designs, compatible with NMR technique, are suggested and experimentally evaluated. As the second focus point, this work tackles multinuclear detection challenges. In parallel, a low-cost, broadband insert is discussed to enhance the sensitivity of standard NMR coils when a small sample volume is available.
Germans to America: January 1840-June 1843
Each volume in this series contains transcriptions of passenger lists containing German surnames for ships entering all US ports beginning in 1840. Lists are arranged by date of ship arrival and are indexed by passenger names. This volume covers the period from January 2, 1840 to June 1843.
Refraktive Multifokusröntgenlinsen und Hartmann-Shack-Sensoren
Refraktive Röntgenlinsen (engl.: Compound Refractive X ray Lenses, CRLs) weisen eine absorptionsbegrenzte numerische Apertur auf. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Feld von CRLs mit jeweils leicht geneigten optischen Achsen verwendet, um diese Limitierung bei der Vollfeldmikroskopie an Laborquellen zu umgehen. Unter anderem wird auf die röntgentiefenlithografische Herstellung von CRLs eingegangen und parallele Felder von CRLs diskutiert (Hartmann-Shack-Wellenfrontsensor, rasternde Abbildungsverfahren). - Compound refractive X-ray lenses (CRLs) have an absorption-limited numerical aperture. In this work, an array of CRLs with slightly inclined optical axes is used to circumvent this limitation in full-field microscopy at laboratory sources. Among other things, fabrication of CRLs via deep X-ray lithography and parallel fields of CRLs (Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor, scanning imaging methods) are discussed.
Langzeitstabilität der Innendrücke von Kavernen benachbarter MEMS-Sensoren auf Siliziumbasis
Aufgrund eines Trends zur Miniaturisierung vieler MEMS-Bauelemente und somit auch der Kavernenvolumina von Inertialsensoren wird der Einfluss geringfügiger Veränderungen der Dämpfungsatmosphäre in Sensorkavernen auf die Zuverlässigkeit der Sensoren immer größer. In dieser Arbeit werden Mechanismen untersucht, die sich auf die Druckstabilität von Gyroskopen auswirken, und Gegenmaßnahmen vorgestellt. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt auf Desorptionsquellen sowie Gasdiffusionspfaden im Sensoraufbau. - Due to a trend towards miniaturization of many MEMS devices and thus also the cavity volumes of inertial sensors, the influence of slight changes in the damping atmosphere in sensor cavities on the reliability of the sensors is increasing. In this work, mechanisms affecting the pressure stability of gyroscopes are investigated and countermeasures are presented. A focus is placed on desorption sources as well as gas diffusion paths in the sensor layer stack.
