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Volume I.B An outbreak of a respiratory disease first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and the causative agent was discovered in January 2020 to be a novel betacoronovirus of the same subgenus as SARS-CoV and named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly disseminated worldwide, with clinical manifestations ranging from mild respiratory symptoms to severe pneumonia and a fatality rate estimated around 2%. Person to person transmission is occurring both in the community and healthcare settings. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently declared the COVID-19 epidemic a public health emergency of international ...
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a disorder of the pulmonary vasculature defined by increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) leading to right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy and dysfunction, right-sided heart failure and ultimately death. PH is a common complication of chronic lung diseases (CLD) including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) where it is classified as Group 3 PH by the WHO. It can also be associated with cardiovascular conditions such as left-heart disease (classified as Group 2 PH) or appear on its own as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and classified as Group1 PH. In all of these cases the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension is strongly associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The focus of this Research Topic is to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricle hypertrophy.
Studying neonatal Chronic Lung Disease in the preterm infant, also known as Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, has led to pathophysiologic concepts which enable a more profound understanding of the disease and generate treatment strategies allowing for the improvement of structural and functional pulmonary outcome. Here, both clinical studies as well as animal models have cross-fertilized each other, translating the definition of clinical needs and the identification of important variables from bench to bedside and back. Elaborate animal models have been designed and refined following different aims reaching from the understanding of relevant pathways as well as the investigation of clinically mean...