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Economic issues related to the health sector have been gaining much attention in recent years, and the challenge of providing quality and comprehensive health care to a growing population has become increasingly complex. This book’s aim is to introduce readers to basic principles of economics and to a set of analytical tools of economic evaluations and their application in the health sector. The most important evaluation techniques are explained by examples: cost-minimization analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, cost-utility analysis and cost-benefit analysis.
Resource constraints in healthcare and the increasing costs of new treatments have prompted the resorting to pharmacoeconomic studies. New techniques allow to tailor to the specificity of each situation, thus giving back accurate calculations and estimations. The desire to publish a more updated version of “Pharmacoeconomics. Principle and Practice” fits into this frame and provide readers with the basic principles of this complex discipline. Compared with the version we published 10 years ago, new techniques were described, an entire new chapter about epidemiology was added, and the reference literature and the examples were updated. The abstracts at the beginning of each chapter have the purpose to provide an overview and ease the finding of information. Readers are given also the possibility to test their knowledge thanks to the Questions and Answers sections. Last but not least, the entire book underwent peer review, thus ensuring the highest quality level.
The goal of a high quality, cost-effective and accessible health care for patients is achieved through constructing a team-based and patient-centered health care delivery system. The expanded role of pharmacists uplifts them to patient care from dispensing and manufacturing or marketing of drugs. Along with doctors and allied health professionals, pharmacists are increasingly recognized as an integral part of the patient care team. Furthermore, colleges of pharmacy need to revise and up-date their curricula to accommodate the progressively increasing development in the pharmaceutical education and the evolving new roles of practicing pharmacists in patient care settings. This book focuses on...
Market access is the process by which a pharmaceutical company gets its product available on the market after having obtained a marketing authorization from a regulatory agency and by which the product becomes available for all patients for whom it is indicated as per its marketing authorization. It covers a group of activities intended to provide access to the appropriate medicine for the appropriate group of patients at the appropriate price (in most countries). Market Access may also be seen as activities that support the management of potential barriers, such as non-optimal price and reimbursement levels, the restriction of the scope of prescribing for the drug or complicated prescription writing or funding procedures. Since there are cultural differences among countries, any Market Access strategy needs to be culturally sensitive. Pharmaceutical Market Access in emerging markets has been extensively discussed in our previous book, published in 2016. The present book focuses on developed markets with the goal of helping students, academics, industry personnel, government workers, and decision makers understand the environment in developed markets.
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