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Converso Non-Conformism in Early Modern Spain
This book examines the effects of Jewish conversions to Christianity in late medieval Spanish society. Ingram focuses on these converts and their descendants (known as conversos) not as Judaizers, but as Christian humanists, mystics and evangelists, who attempt to create a new society based on quietist religious practice, merit, and toleration. His narrative takes the reader on a journey from the late fourteenth-century conversions and the first blood purity laws (designed to marginalize conversos), through the early sixteenth-century Erasmian and radical mystical movements, to a Counter-Reformation environment in which conversos become the advocates for pacifism and concordance. His account ends at the court of Philip IV, where growing intolerance towards Madrid’s converso courtiers is subtly attacked by Spain’s greatest painter, Diego Velázquez, in his work, Los Borrachos. Finally, Ingram examines the historiography of early modern Spain, in which he argues the converso reform phenomenon continues to be underexplored.
Río de Oro
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John Catt Guide to International Schools 2011
This guide has been designed with the reader inmind. In the editorial section are articles written by experts in their field covering a wide variety of issues parents are likely to come across when choosing a school for their child. The dirctories contain basic information about all the schools in each country complete with contact details. Some schools provide more information on what they offer and include photographs. In the appendix is up-to-date information about international curricula and the examinations, tests and qualifications available, cobntact details for Ministries of Education worldwide and a useful list of educational acronyms and abbreviations.
Strategic Notes on Third Generation Gangs
Strategic Notes on Third Generation Gangs builds upon the third generation street gang (3Gen Gang) theory first articulated in a series of papers by John P. Sullivan in 1997. From that foundation, Dr. Sullivan and Dr. Robert J. Bunker, editors of this volume, and others have expanded that core to articulate the threat that sophisticated gangs with transnational reach and political dimensions pose to community, national, and global security. This Small Wars Journal-El Centro Anthology provides empirical depth to their theoretical perspective, bringing together strategic notes and essays on third generation gangs and military-trained gang members with new content assessing the theoretical and policy ramifications of both theory and reality on the ground. – Dave Dilegge, SWJ Editor-in-Chief
Criminal Enterprises and Governance in Latin America and the Caribbean
Through an examination of violent neighborhoods this book shows how criminals affect local politics in Colombia, Brazil, and Jamaica.
Cactus (Opuntia Spp.) as Forage
Opuntias are multipurpose plants that are increasingly being used in agricultural systems in arid and semi-arid areas. Due to its high water-use efficiency, it is particularly useful as forage in times of drought and in areas where few other crops can grow, and it is now considered a key component for the productivity and sustainability of these regions. This publication presents current scientific and practical information on the use of the cactus Opuntia as forage for livestock.
States in the Developing World
An exploration of how states address the often conflicting challenges of development, order, and inclusion.
