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Medical Heritage of the National Palace of Mafra
Very little has been written on the unique historical medical heritage of the National Palace of Mafra in Portugal, which celebrated its new status as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2019. This book brings together a set of innovative studies which consider the importance of this unique collection of medical texts and items of material medical culture. Using a multifaceted approach, topics as diverse as the rise of alchemy at the hands of Paracelsus, the lives and contributions of neglected eighteenth century physicians, and the history of elements of the materia medica are brought together in this celebration of a Portuguese national icon. This book will appeal to all those with an interest in the history of science, and especially those who enjoy the history of medicine and pharmacy, and bibliographic studies.
Insights into Portuguese Medical History
Despite its richness as a potential research field, the history of medicine in Portugal has received relatively little attention outside the country. This book develops some of the understudied themes of Portuguese medical history and delivers them to a wider audience by bringing together the work of a group of international scholars. Here, a unique set of innovative studies begins to uncover details of the lives, medical practice and research of some famous and less well-known Portuguese physicians, the Portuguese response to past pandemics, and analyses of a wide range of items of medical material culture and materia medica. The contributions here elucidate topics as wide-ranging as Graeco-Roman medicine and surgery, the history of spectacles, defence against plague and other epidemics, the history of medicinal emeralds and cinchonine, and echoes of the first female forensic physician in Portugal. This book will appeal to all those with an interest in the history of science, and especially those who enjoy the history of medicine and pharmacy.
Geology and Medicine
The development of the geological and medical sciences shows overlap through numerous historical threads, some of which are investigated here by an international authorship of geologists, historians and medical professionals. Some of the medical men considered here are the relatively well known Steno, Parkinson, William Hunter and Peter Duncan, as well as several more obscure individuals such as Sperling, Hodges, Lemoine, Siqués and a number of Italians. Their work included foundational geological studies, aspects of hydrogeology and the nature of fossils. The therapeutic use of geological materials has been practised since ancient times. A suite of magico-medicinal stones, some purportedly harvested from the bodies of fabulous animals, have ancient folklore roots and were worn as protective amulets and incorporated into medicines. Medicinal earths were credited with wide-ranging medicinal properties. Geology and Medicine: Historical Connections will be of particular interest to Earth scientists, medical personnel, historians of science and the general reader with an interest in science.
The Science of Proof
The Science of Proof traces the rise of forensic medicine in late eighteenth- and nineteenth-century France and examines its implications for our understanding of expert authority. Tying real life cases to broader debates, the book analyzes how new forms of medical and scientific knowledge, many of which were pioneered in France, were contested, but ultimately accepted, and applied to legal problems and the administration of justice. The growing authority of medical experts in the French legal arena was nonetheless subject to sharp criticism and scepticism. The professional development of medicolegal expertise and its influence in criminal courts sparked debates about the extent to which it could reveal truth, furnish legal proof, and serve justice. Drawing on a wide base of archival and printed sources, Claire Cage reveals tensions between uncertainty about the reliability of forensic evidence and a new confidence in the power of scientific inquiry to establish guilt, innocence, and legal responsibility.
Modern Talks on Poetry
Before the readers of this book are 25 interviews with renowned poets from all over the world, of all generations. The book Modern Talks on Poetry was created as a result of my journalistic work in the period from 2019 to 2022. What particularly inspired me to publish this book is the idea that poetry played a very significant role during the pandemic, primarily in a psychological sense, because many people turned to writing poetry during the lockdown, as a kind of creative therapy. With this book, I would like to pay tribute to poetry as a unique form of artistic and linguistic expression and to all the poets of this world.
Gardens of Madeira—Gardens of the World
The volume Gardens of Madeira – Gardens of the World. Contemporary Approaches displays present tendencies in calling upon the idea of gardens, being a wide-range approach to their literary, sociological and cultural representations. The book`s four parts: “Madeira: A Garden in the Sea?”, “Gardens as Temporal and Spatial Category. Cultural and Literary Approaches”, “Gardens as an Expression. Socio-cultural Perspectives” and “Re-Creating the Archetypal Garden – Discourses and Practices” refer to vast geographical and cultural areas, starting with the very complex sample of the overseas-yet-European Island of Madeira, and then joining the exemplification material from histor...
Medicine, Trade and Empire
Garcia de Orta’s Colloquies on the Simples and Drugs of India (1563) was one of the first books to take advantage of the close relationship between medicine, trade and empire in the early modern period. The book was printed in Goa, the capital of the Portuguese empire in the East, and the city where the author, a Portuguese physician of Jewish ancestry, lived for almost thirty years. It presents a vast array of medical information on various drugs, spices, plants, fruits and minerals native to India or adjoining territories. In addition, it includes information concerning indigenous methods of healing as well as a far-reaching assessment of ancient and modern authors on Asian materia medic...
Poison, Medicine, and Disease in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe
This book presents a uniquely broad and pioneering history of premodern toxicology by exploring how late medieval and early modern (c. 1200–1600) physicians discussed the relationship between poison, medicine, and disease. Drawing from a wide range of medical and natural philosophical texts—with an emphasis on treatises that focused on poison, pharmacotherapeutics, plague, and the nature of disease—this study brings to light premodern physicians' debates about the potential existence, nature, and properties of a category of substance theoretically harmful to the human body in even the smallest amount. Focusing on the category of poison (venenum) rather than on specific drugs reframes a...
The Lithic Imagination from More to Milton
The Lithic Imagination from More to Miltonexplores how stones, rocks, and the broader mineral realm play a vital role in early modern England's religious and cultural systems, a rolethat, in turn, informs the period's poetic and visual imagination.The scale ofthe human lifespan and the gyre-like turns of England's long Reformation provide a conceptual framework for the various stony textual and visual archives this book studies.Thetexts and images participate in specifically English histories (literary, artistic, political,religious) although Continental influences are frequently in dialogue.The religious orbitencompasses the Christian rivalry with Jewish culture, touches on Christianity'ste...
The Science of Naples
Long neglected in the history of Renaissance and early modern Europe, in recent years scholars have revised received understanding of the political and economic significance of the city of Naples and its rich artistic, musical and political culture. Its importance in the history of science, however, has remained relatively unknown. The Science of Naples provides the first dedicated study of Neapolitan scientific culture in the English language. Drawing on contributions from leading experts in the field, this volume presents a series of studies that demonstrate Neapolitans’ manifold contributions to European scientific culture in the early modern period and considers the importance of the c...
