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This book is concerned with the evaluation of natural argumentative discourse, and, in particular, with the language in which arguments are expressed. It introduces a systematic procedure for the analysis and assessment of arguments, which is designed to be a practical tool, and may be considered a pseudo-algorithm for argument evaluation. The first half of the book lays the theoretical groundwork, with a thorough examination of both the nature of language and the nature of argument. This leads to a definition of argumentation as reasoning expressed within a procedure, which itself yields the three frames of analysis used in the evaluation procedure: Process, Reasoning, and Expression. The s...
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'Does the evidence reflect the reality under investigation?' This is just one of the important questions Marten Shipman asks in the fourth edition of his highly successful book, The Limitations of Social Research. Substantially revised and up-dated it probes not only the technical stages of research, but also its assumptions, procedures and dissemination.
This open access book addresses communicative aspects of the current COVID-19 pandemic as well as the epidemic of misinformation from the perspective of argumentation theory. Argumentation theory is uniquely placed to understand and account for the challenges of public reason as expressed through argumentative discourse. The book thus focuses on the extent to which the forms, norms and functions of public argumentation have changed in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. This question is investigated along the three main research lines of the COST Action project CA 17132: European network for Argumentation and Public PoLicY analysis (APPLY): descriptive, normative, and prescriptive. The volume...
Horatio Nelson's first captain was William Locker who recognised the exceptional talents of the young midshipman who was to become the most famous sailor in history. Thirty-seven years later Admiral Lord Nelson wrote to Locker 'I have been your scholar; it was you who taught me to board a Frenchman by your conduct It is you who always taught me to lay a Frenchman close and you will beat him. My only merit in my profession is being a good scholar'. Captain William Locker's career as a Sea Captain fighting the King's enemies on the high seas makes gripping reading and high drama.
"A most valuable resource setting health care research into a contemporary philosophical setting" Dr Colin Thunhurst, Course Director, University College Cork * Why is the philosophy of science important for health care research? * What impact do world-views and paradigms have on the research process and the knowledge it generates? * Why do some kinds of concepts get replaced by others? This book covers the major perspectives in the philosophy of science and critically discusses their relevance to health care research, using examples of paradigms, concepts, theories and research findings in the health sciences. It makes sense of the bewildering variety of assumptions, world-views and epistem...
Published between 1844 and 1846, this collection of Nelson's letters documents his career from 1777 to his death in 1805.
Contains a general and biographical history of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom, with a variety of original papers on nautical subjects, under the guidance of several literary and professional men.