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La educación rural enfrenta una crisis profunda. No solo se evidencia en los bajos resultados de los estudiantes rurales en pruebas estandarizadas, sino también en la comprensión errónea de la educación rural basada en supuestos equivocados. Uno de los errores más comunes es asumir que la vida rural en Colombia puede describirse con indicadores homogéneos que pasan por alto las diferencias entre, por ejemplo, la ruralidad de los llanos orientales, la sabana de Bogotá y la vida campesina del Caribe. Este libro identifica elementos clave para construir la noción de educación rural. Además, considerando que la ruralidad colombiana ha sido profundamente afectada por el conflicto armado, la obra ofrece una perspectiva sobre la influencia de este conflicto en la educación rural y propone caminos hacia la paz. Así, cada uno de sus capítulos busca fomentar un compromiso de la sociedad colombiana con la educación rural, reflejado en la formulación de políticas públicas y en el desafío de superar esos estereotipos que obstaculizan la comprensión de la complejidad rural.
When children build with blocks, they are both literally and figuratively constructing their knowledge of the world. When we see children's construction play through the lens of architecture, we are able to support and extend children's learning on all four STEM subjects: science, technology, engineering, and math. Young Architects at Play is a guide for both teachers and parents and includes a diverse variety of activities and resources. More than 20 projects involve both traditional classroom materials like unit blocks as well as natural materials, found objects, cardboard, and authentic woodworking materials. Throughout the book, Ann Gadzikowski makes meaningful connections between STEM learning and the power of stories, both the children's own narratives as well as the rich diversity of stories and illustrations from children's literature.
This exceptionally beautiful essay by the Colombian Nobel Prize-winning author is one of his most lucid and beautiful literary expressions. Originally written as a prologue to a "state of the nation" analysis recently published by a group of eminent Colombian thinkers, it drafts a virtual navigation chart for the future of Colombia, affirming the country's vast human potential and emphasizing the powers of education and national spirit. Four-color photographs enliven this work.
This paper studies the volatility of commodity prices on the basis of a large dataset of monthly prices observed in international trade data from the United States over the period 2002 to 2011. The conventional wisdom in academia and policy circles is that primary commodity prices are more volatile than those of manufactured products, even though most of the existing evidence does not actually attempt to measure the volatility of prices of individual goods or commodities. Rather the literature tends to focus on trends in the evolution and volatility of ratios of price indexes composed of multiple commodities and products. This approach can be misleading. Indeed, the evidence presented in this paper suggests that on average prices of individual primary commodities may be less volatile than those of individual manufactured goods.
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As humanidades digitais combinam a programação de computadores com o estudo das humanidades em geral. Este livro propõe a linguagem de programação Python para a realização de pesquisas na área de humanidades, desenvolvendo assim possíveis casos em diversas áreas e dando instruções de início nesta linguagem de programação para humanistas. Python para as humanidades digitais oferece instruções desde a instalação dainterface de trabalho, a obtenção de dados emanipulação de dados através de códigos ebibliotecas que podem treinar qualquer humanista novato em programação. Destinado a estudantes de graduação e pósgraduação, professores de humanidades e qualquer pesquisador que tenha interesse em realizar estudos massivos de dados em literatura, história, música, jornalismo, educação, bibliometria, entre outros. Inclui Instruções com exemplos reais de pesquisas em humanidades digitais. Diálogo interdisciplinar e transdisciplinar que permite a criação de pesquisas inovadoras. Abordagem didática feita a partir do trabalho colaborativo de matemáticos e humanistas.
This paper analyzes poverty dynamics in rural Bangladesh using a nationally representative panel dataset of 5,260 rural households interviewed in 2011/12 and 2015. We find that education, savings, assets, non-farm employment, substantial safety net transfers, and women’s empowerment are key factors in breaking persistent poverty; and savings, non-farm engagement, and substantial safety net transfers prevent households from falling into poverty. The results are consistent across multinomial logit, logit, and simultaneous quantile regression models. Thus, policies and programs that address the determinants of persistent and transient poverty identified in this study hold promise for sustained poverty reduction in rural Bangladesh.