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One of the major contemporary challenges in both physical and social sciences is modeling, analyzing, and understanding the self-organization, evolution, behavior, and eventual decay of complex dynamical systems ranging from cell assemblies to the human brain to animal societies. The multi-faceted problems in this domain require a wide range of methods from various scienti?c disciplines. There is no question that the inclusion of time delays in complex system models considerably enriches the challenges presented by the problems. Although this inclusion often becomes inevitable as real-world applications demand more and more realistic m- els, the role of time delays in the context of complex ...
This book illustrates applications of mathematics to various processes (physiological or artificial) involving flowing blood, including hemorheology, microcirculation, coagulation, kidney filtration and dialysis, offering a historical overview of each topic. Mathematical models are used to simulate processes normally occurring in flowing blood and to predict the effects of dysfunctions (e.g. bleeding disorders, renal failure), as well as the effects of therapies with an eye to improving treatments. Most of the models have a completely new approach that makes patient-specific simulations possible. The book is mainly intended for mathematicians interested in medical applications, but it is also useful for clinicians such as hematologists, nephrologists, cardio-surgeons, and bioengineers. Some parts require no specific knowledge of mathematics. The book is a valuable addition to mathematics, medical, biology, and bioengineering libraries.
The blood system is multi-scale, from the organism to the organs to cells to intracellular signaling pathways to macromolecule interactions. Blood consists of circulating cells, cellular fragments (platelets and microparticles), and plasma macromolecules. Blood cells and their fragments result from a highly-ordered process, hematopoiesis. Definitive hematopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow, where pluripotential stem cells give rise to multiple lineages of highly specialized cells. Highly-productive and continuously regenerative, hematopoiesis requires a microenvironment of mesenchymal cells and blood vessels. A Systems Biology Approach to Blood is divided into three main sections: basic compo...
This book discusses the mathematical simulation of biological systems, with a focus on the modeling of gene expression, gene regulatory networks and stem cell regeneration. The diffusion of morphogens is addressed by introducing various reaction-diffusion equations based on different hypotheses concerning the process of morphogen gradient formation. The robustness of steady-state gradients is also covered through boundary value problems. The introduction gives an overview of the relevant biological concepts (cells, DNA, organism development) and provides the requisite mathematical preliminaries on continuous dynamics and stochastic modeling. A basic understanding of calculus is assumed. The techniques described in this book encompass a wide range of mechanisms, from molecular behavior to population dynamics, and the inclusion of recent developments in the literature together with first-hand results make it an ideal reference for both new students and experienced researchers in the field of systems biology and applied mathematics.
The second edition of Mathematics as a Laboratory Tool reflects the growing impact that computational science is having on the career choices made by undergraduate science and engineering students. The focus is on dynamics and the effects of time delays and stochastic perturbations (“noise”) on the regulation provided by feedback control systems. The concepts are illustrated with applications to gene regulatory networks, motor control, neuroscience and population biology. The presentation in the first edition has been extended to include discussions of neuronal excitability and bursting, multistability, microchaos, Bayesian inference, second-order delay differential equations, and the semi-discretization method for the numerical integration of delay differential equations. Every effort has been made to ensure that the material is accessible to those with a background in calculus. The text provides advanced mathematical concepts such as the Laplace and Fourier integral transforms in the form of Tools. Bayesian inference is introduced using a number of detective-type scenarios including the Monty Hall problem.
Divided into two volumes, the book begins with a pedagogical presentation of some of the basic theory, with chapters on biochemical reactions, diffusion, excitability, wave propagation and cellular homeostasis. The second, more extensive part discusses particular physiological systems, with chapters on calcium dynamics, bursting oscillations and secretion, cardiac cells, muscles, intercellular communication, the circulatory system, the immune system, wound healing, the respiratory system, the visual system, hormone physiology, renal physiology, digestion, the visual system and hearing. New chapters on Calcium Dynamics, Neuroendocrine Cells and Regulation of Cell Function have been included.
This book describes in a detailed fashion the application of hybrid intelligent systems using soft computing techniques for intelligent control and mobile robotics. Soft Computing (SC) consists of several intelligent computing paradigms, including fuzzy logic, neural networks, and bio-inspired optimization algorithms, which can be used to produce powerful hybrid intelligent systems. The prudent combination of SC techniques can produce powerful hybrid intelligent systems that are capable of solving real-world problems. This is illustrated in this book with a wide range of applications, with particular emphasis in intelligent control and mobile robotics. The book is organized in five main part...
The two volume set LNAI 9413 + LNAI 9414 constitutes the proceedings of the 14th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI 2015, held in Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico, in October 2015. The total of 98 papers presented in these proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 297 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: natural language processing; logic and multi-agent systems; bioinspired algorithms; neural networks; evolutionary algorithms; fuzzy logic; machine learning and data mining; natural language processing applications; educational applications; biomedical applications; image processing and computer vision; search and optimization; forecasting; and intelligent applications.
This book highlights recent advances in the design of hybrid intelligent systems based on nature-inspired optimization and their application in areas such as intelligent control and robotics, pattern recognition, time series prediction, and optimization of complex problems. The book is divided into seven main parts, the first of which addresses theoretical aspects of and new concepts and algorithms based on type-2 and intuitionistic fuzzy logic systems. The second part focuses on neural network theory, and explores the applications of neural networks in diverse areas, such as time series prediction and pattern recognition. The book’s third part presents enhancements to meta-heuristics base...